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- Pathologies and clinical cases in biochemistryPublication . Cardoso, Inês Lopes; Leal, Fernanda
- Importância da especiação de metais na avaliação do seu impacto na saúde humana - desenvolvimento de metodologias voltamétricas com eléctrodos de filme de bismutoPublication . Leal, Fernanda; Catarino, Rita; Pimenta, Adriana; Souto, RenataA voltametria de redissolução com eléctrodos de filme de mercúrio (mFes) constitui uma ferramenta poderosa para a monitorização de metais vestigiais. recentemente, os eléctrodos de filme de bismuto (bFes) apareceram como uma alternativa vantajosa, apresentando uma toxicidade negligenciável para o ambiente. neste trabalho são propostas duas novas metodologias (em batch e em fluxo), que se baseiam na realização de voltametria de redissolução anódica com bFes, aplicadas à determinação de dois metais de elevada toxicidade (cádmio (cd) e chumbo (pb)). Stripping voltammetry with mercury film electrodes (mFes) is a powerful tool to monitor trace metal concentrations. recently, bismuth film electrodes (bFes) appeared as an attractive alternative, exhibiting negligible toxicity to the environment. in this study, two new methodologies (batch and flow) are proposed based on anodic stripping voltammetry with bFes, applied to the determination of two highly toxic metals (cadmium (cd) and lead (pb)).
- C-Reactive protein and neurodegenerative diseasesPublication . Cardoso, Inês Lopes; Leal, Fernanda
- Development and analytical characterization of ofloxacin ion-selective electrodesPublication . Souto, Renata; Pimenta, Adriana; Leal, Fernanda; Catarino, Rita; Santos, Gory; Tavares, TâniaAn ofloxacin-selective electrode based on incorporation of a ofloxacin-tetrakis[3,5- bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate ion-pair complex in a poly(vinyl chloride) membrane was developed. The sensor displayed a Nernstian response over a wide concentration range (7×10-6–1×10-2 mol L-1) with a slope of 54.9 ± 1.3 mV per decade of concentration, a detection limit of 4×10-6 mol L-1 and adequate selectivity toward some inorganic and organic species. The sensor can be used for a period of more than 8 months without significant change in its characteristics. Desenvolveu-se um eléctrodo selectivo à ofloxacina, baseado no par iónico ofloxacina- -tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluorometil)fenil]borato incorporado numa membrana de cloreto de polivinilo. O sensor apresenta uma resposta Nernstiana num alargado intervalo de concentrações (7×10-6–1×10-2 mol L-1), com um declive de 54,9±1,3 mV por década de concentração, um limite de detecção de 4×10-6 mol L-1 e adequada selectividade relativamente a algumas espécies orgânicas e inorgânicas. O seu tempo de vida é superior a oito meses, não havendo alteração das suas características durante este período.
- Oral and craniofacial manifestations of mucopolysaccharidosesPublication . Leal, Fernanda; Cardoso, Inês Lopes; Dias, RenataMucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of inherited metabolic disorders caused by the deficiency of lysosomal enzymes necessary for the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Non-degraded GAGs accumulate inside the lysosomes and compromise cell function in different tissues and organs. This accumulation causes progressive and multisystemic damage, leading to a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, including oral and craniofacial manifestations. This work aims, therefore, to conduct a literature review that promotes specific knowledge regarding the oral and craniofacial manifestations of MPS. The results converged to a variability of alterations, among them facial dysmorphism, macroglossia, lingual protrusion, anterior open bite, dental caries, gingival inflammation, enamel hypoplasia, taurodontism, condylar hypoplasia and presence of dentigerouscysts. Preventive and interceptive actions in oral health are used as a means of improving oral hygiene and reducing oral problems. Finally, there is a need for improvement in comprehensive care for patients with MPS.
- Biochemical mechanisms of the effect of environmental factors (diet, fluorine, alcohol and tobacco) on oral healthPublication . Cardoso, Inês Lopes; Leal, Fernanda; Santos, D.R.; Azevedo, W.S.Nowadays, oral diseases are prevalent chronic diseases present in worldwide population. Dental caries results from a complex interaction between acid-producing bacteria, fermentable carbohydrates and host factors, including teeth and saliva. Risk factors for caries development include physical, biological, environmental, behavioral factors such as high numbers of cariogenic bacteria, inadequate salivary flow, poor oral hygiene and poor eating habits. Moreover, due to its efficacy in caries prevention, fluorine has been added to toothpaste, supplements and water. However, despite of its beneficial effect, excessive intake can lead to acute or chronic toxic effects, that depend on ingestion period and ingested amount, age, cardiovascular or renal problems and genetic changes. The most common adverse effects of excessive fluorine intake are dental and skeletal fluorosis. Another oral health problem is oral cancer, one of the most common cancers in the world and a highly relevant problem of global public health, mainly affecting lips and oral cavity. It is a preventable disease, where tobacco and alcohol, considered major risk factors, are present with a synergic effect in 90% of cases. Alcohol can act as a risk factor both locally and systemically, being causally associated with oropharyngeal and larynx cancer, esophageal cancer, among others.
- Biochemical changes during the human lifespanPublication . Cardoso, Inês Lopes; Leal, Fernanda; Lemos, Catarina
- Systemic lupus erythematosus and implications for the oral cavityPublication . Cardoso, Inês Lopes; Leal, Fernanda; Regis, Renan C. D.Systemic Lupus Erythematosus affects several people around the world and because it is characterized as a chronic inflammatory disease of multifactorial origin, and with systemic impairment, great attention must be paid from diagnosis to treatment in order to optimize the entire follow-up of the patient. The dental doctor plays an important role in the diagnosis of the condition and must be attentive to the early signs that can appear in the oral cavity with a frequency of up to 21%. In this way, through this bibliographic review, which has as main goal to correlate Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with its direct consequences in the oral cavity, it will be possible to help dentists in the diagnosis, to understand in detail the development of the disease and what attitude should be taken in its presence.
- Sistema endócrino e patologias associadasPublication . Leal, Fernanda; Cardoso, Inês Lopes
- Cornelia de Lange Syndrome and orofacial implicationsPublication . Cardoso, Inês Lopes; Leal, Fernanda; Silva, G. F.Background and objective: Cornelia de Lange syndrome is a rare disease with a very wide and genetically heterogeneous phenotypic variability that affects multiple organs and systems. This work consists of a narrative review on Cornelia de Lange syndrome, specifically addressing its orofacial manifestations and the impact of these changes on dentistry. Methods: For the bibliographic search, the following databases were used: PubMed Central (PMC), Online Knowledge Library (B-ON), Cochrane Library and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), as well as Google Scholar. The keywords used in English and Portuguese, were Cornelia de Lange syndrome, Brachmann de Lange, dental manifestations. Results: So far, pathogenic mutations have been identified in five genes: NIPBL, SMC1A, SMC3, RAD21 and HDAC8. The diagnosis of most children is usually obvious at birth. Brachycephaly and synophry are characteristics present in all children with Cornelia de Lange syndrome, being also common the presence of mental retardation. Frequent manifestations include excess facial hair and generalized hirsutism, unusually long curly upper and lower eyelashes. Small, spaced teeth with delayed eruption, partial anodontia, thin upper lip, depressed corners of the mouth, and occasionally arched or cleft palate may also be present. Conclusion: The multidisciplinary strategy is the key to treatment success. It is important to provide the family with information about the syndrome, which can help parents to cope emotionally with the situation and cooperate in the treatment of their child.