Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
---|---|---|---|---|
841.14 KB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Among the most common malformations
observed in the oral cavity are cleft lip/palate and
malocclusions, being this last one considered by the World
Health Organization, the third public health problem.
Malocclusions include the anterior open bite, a change in the
vertical plane, that can be of two types: dental anterior open
bite and skeletal anterior open bite. Cleft lip and cleft palate are
the most common congenital malformations at birth. These
malformations result from a failure in the normal craniofacial
development process, which requires the coordination of a
complex series of events. From the embryological point of view,
the cleft lip/palate is a consequence of the failure of the first
superior branchial arch to complete fusion with the frontonasal
process during pregnancy.
All these malformations result from the interaction of both
genetic and environmental factors. Among the environmental
factors involved in the development of malocclusions are
deleterious habits, mouth breathing and trauma. Several genes
involved in the development of facial bones, muscles and teeth
are also responsible for the development of malocclusions. In
the same way, clefts development is a multifactorial trait where
multiple genes are involved as well as environmental factor like
alcohol consumption, tobacco, exposure to pesticides or toxic
solvents, in a complex interaction.
All these factors may jeopardize the normal functioning of the
stomatognathic system and the consequent quality of life of the
patient. The purpose of this study was to review the literature
concerning the genetic and environmental aspects involved in
the development of these malformations.
Description
Keywords
Cleft lip Cleft palate Non-syndromic Genetic factors Environment factors Malocclusion Open bite