FCT (DCEA) - Artigos em Atas de Conferências Internacionais
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- Automatic detection of human faces in uncontrolled environments: identification of direction and movementPublication . Pinho, Miguel Coelho de; Ribeiro, Nuno Magalhães; Gouveia, Feliz RibeiroThis paper presents an application for automatic face detection on video streams from surveillance cameras in public or commercial places. In many situations it is useful to detect where to are people looking for, e.g. in exhibits, commercial mals, and public places in buildings. Our application is designed to work with surveillance cameras that are already available in those places, and do not imply an extra acquisition cost. The paper begins with a review of techniques used for face detection, a brief introduction to the OpenCV library, and of the requirements for the application. We then describe our approach, and present the main algorithms we used. We then perform an evaluation of the application, analyzing its performance throughout the processing, and analyze the accuracy of the recognition. We performed tests in real-time and off-line. The results are encouraging, and we identify limitations and improvements that can be introduced to decrease the error rate.
- Towards emotional interaction: using movies to automatically learn users’ emotional statesPublication . Oliveira, Eva; Benovoy, Mitchel; Ribeiro, Nuno; Chambel, TeresaThe HCI community is actively seeking novel methodologies to gain insight into the user's experience during interaction with both the application and the content. We propose an emotional recognition engine capable of automatically recognizing a set of human emotional states using psychophysiological measures of the autonomous nervous system, including galvanic skin response, respiration, and heart rate. A novel pattern recognition system, based on discriminant analysis and support vector machine classifiers is trained using movies' scenes selected to induce emotions ranging from the positive to the negative valence dimension, including happiness, anger, disgust, sadness, and fear. In this paper we introduce an emotion recognition system and evaluate its accuracy by presenting the results of an experiment conducted with three physiologic sensors.
- A winter ozone episode over PortugalPublication . Carvalho, Ana Cristina; Moreira, Nuno; Leitão, Paula; Fontes, Tânia; Barros, Nelson; Borrego, Carlos
- Smart management of waste from construction sites: mobile application technology in the city Manaus, Amazonas, BrazilPublication . Oliveira, M.P.S.L.; Oliveira, E.A; Wanderley, A.; Campos, A.M.; Fonseca, A.M.Construction and demolition waste (CDW) can be defined as a mixture of surplus materials generated from construction, renovation and demolition activities, including site cleaning, road works and demolition (Shen et al., 2004). Inadequate management of CDW, affects the environment, the economy and society (Jin et al. 2019). Besides increasing construction costs and real estate prices, CDW can have major negative impacts on the environment (Borja et al., 2019), namely the contamination of soil and watercourses with heavy metals that can cause diseases in the population and wild animals. These negative impacts are of major importance in sensitive natural environments, justifying the relevance of this research in the city of Manaus, in the central Amazon, Brazil. A previous study involved the quantification of CDW produced at 4 construction sites in the city of Manaus, and the costs involved in its management and disposal (Oliveira et al., 2019). The results showed that high quantities of wood and paper waste are produced, with considerable disposal costs, in spite of the high potential to recycle and re-use these types of waste. Metal waste was found to be the only CDW that was being adequately recycled in the construction sites under study, showing the importance of the implementation of an organized system to collect and recycle CDW in the city of Manaus (Oliveira et al., 2019). A similar case study conducted in the city of Santiago, capital of Chile, led to a quantification of the CDW volume for further management improvement proposals (Bravo et al., 2019). According to this study, in Santiago the generated volume of CDW per building area is 0.186 m3/m2, with a management cost of 75.47 US$/m3 (Bravo et al., 2019). These values are of the same magnitude as the ones found in the research study conducted in Manaus (Oliveira et al., 2019). Ogunmakinde et al. (2019) describe CDW management in Nigeria, highlighting the existing corruption and unethical practices of large companies who prefer to dig and bury the CDW in clandestine landfills, refusing to comply with environmental laws to avoid loss of profits. This lack of social and environmental responsibility in construction companies is unfortunately also a reality in Brazil. However, surveillance and monitoring of CDW production and disposal may not be the solution to combat clandestine landfill, as demonstrated in the study of Tsiliyannis et al. (2019), conducted in Athens, Greece. Environmental education and good practice are the best weapons we have in environmental management, and adequate CDW management requires a change in the behavior and attitude of each citizen (Mak et al., 2019). The studies conducted in the present investigation sought to define the current model of CDW management in the construction sites of the city of Manaus, its advantages and disadvantages, in order to verify the possibility of implementing a Circular Economy system (Farooque et al., 2019). This system could result in cost savings in civil construction and in the reduction of negative environmental impacts caused by the illegal disposal in clandestine landfills, which harms the lives of the citizens of the city of Manaus and the surrounding environment, the Amazon rainforest itself. Circular Economy CDW management systems have already been implemented in European cities (Fratini et al., 2019; Kravchenko et al., 2019), so why not extend this practice to cities in Latin America, which are also affected by the environmental and financial impacts of inadequate waste management on urban construction sites. In order to implement a Circular Economy model, construction companies must be adequately involved in this system, for example through the promotion of sharing and renting equipment, customers access and involvement, or the redesign of a product in order to make it more durable and easier to reassemble if repair is needed (Kravchenko et al., 2019). Scientific initiatives to develop new materials using CDW raw materials are very important for the sustainability of CDW management, such as ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) which uses a fraction of waste together with natural sand (Wang et al., 2019). Technological developments are of the utmost importance in the process of improving environmental management in a Circular Economy model: digital networks and robotics are increasingly inserted in the context of environmental management, accompanying the development of the new “Industry 4.0” in the manufacturing sector (Sarc et al., 2019). Although the Circular Economy model is not yet implemented in Brazil, good practice initiatives are encouraged, as the one described in this paper regarding CDW waste management in constructions sites in the city of Manaus through the use of start-up technologies like mobile applications. These have an exponentially growing market worldwide, demonstrated by the increasing use of mobile applications running on smartphones, tablets, laptops and other mobile devices (Kaur & Kaur, 2019). The main objective of this research is to enhance adequate environmental management in construction sites through the development of a mobile application for CDW management. This tool can be used by construction companies, waste disposal companies, and even urban citizens who need to dispose construction waste.
- O Sistema Público de Acesso à Informação e a Governança Adaptativa dos Recursos Hídricos: o caso do Estado do CearáPublication . Silva, Antonio; Guerreiro, Maria João; Neto, José; Sousa, CarlosO propósito deste trabalho é apresentar a contribuição do Sistema Público de Acesso à Informação do Estado do Ceará na governança dos Recursos Hídricos do Estado, um sistema que, desde a sua concepção inicial, tem colocado como premissa básica a participação da sociedade no trato da coisa pública. Faz-se um apanhado das diversas informações disponibilizadas à população, tanto por meio da Plataforma Ceará Transparente quanto pelos diversos sítios institucionais das entidades e órgãos que, direta ou indiretamente, têm suas atribuições ligadas à governança dos recursos hídricos do Estado. Evidenciam-se ainda o resultado de pesquisas de satisfação com o cidadão e o impacto que o fornecimento dessas informações traz na viabilização de uma Governança que seja adaptável às diversas mudanças experimentadas pelo Sistema Sócio-Ecológico, formado pelas bacias hidrográficas e a sociedade cearense. A abordagem se dá considerando os princípios esculpidos ao longo do desenvolvimento do Institutional Analisys and Development (IAD) Framework de Elinor Ostrom, um arcabouço teórico que tem como objeto de estudo central uma Situação de Ação com diversos atores tomando decisões a partir das informações disponibilizadas.
- Accessing movies' emotional informationPublication . Oliveira, Eva; Ribeiro, Nuno Magalhães; Chambel, TeresaEmotional information is being used in several systems as a way to understand users while interacting with computers or as a way to explore content classification. Movies are a medium emotionally empowered and technological developments and trends for media convergence are turning video into a dominant and pervasive medium, and online video is becoming a growing entertainment activity on the web. In this paper we present a user interface for movies' emotion exploration based on a previous usability study. Felt - is an application for movie and users' emotions exploration as a way to access movies by its emotional properties or as a way of recommending movies by the analysis of users emotional profiles. In this paper we also propose novel interactive mechanisms for movie's emotions exploration.
- Qualidade dos Portais Web das Instituições Portuguesas de Ensino Superior: avaliação inicialPublication . Rocha, ÁlvaroÉ do interesse das instituições de ensino superior ter Portais na Internet. A World Wide Web facilita novas formas de disseminação de informação bem como reforça e proporciona novos serviços e novas formas de interactividade. Sendo a Internet acedida maioritariamente em Portugal por jovens com idades de se candidatarem ou de frequentarem o ensino superior, as instituições deste nível de ensino devem colocar cuidados acrescidos nos seus Portais Web para que os seus clientes se sintam satisfeitos, entendendo-se por clientes os alunos e os potenciais candidatos à frequência das instituições. Este artigo apresenta um estudo que visou avaliar de forma inicial e objectiva a qualidade de um conjunto de parâmetros e de funcionalidades básicas dos Portais Web das instituições portuguesas de ensino superior. As principais conclusões indicam que a maioria das instituições portuguesas de ensino superior que estava presente na Internet tinha de encetar um processo de melhoria dos seus Portais para que o desempenho global dos parâmetros avaliados atingisse um nível de qualidade positivo.
- A Framework to Analyse the Approach Adopted in the Information Systems Requirements Engineering ActivityPublication . Rocha, ÁlvaroThe activity of requirements engineering (RE) is the initial stage for the information systems development process. The RE is often developed using an excessive technological-driven approach. This aspect is pointed as a factor for the failure of the RE and consequently to the corresponding information system.We present an evaluation framework for the requirements engineering activities within organizational settings that can help on analysing how this important activity is carried out in organizations. This framework, designed by RETIS, is composed by three parts. The first part focuses on the organizational domain, the second focuses on the users and information systems’ stakeholders, and the third focuses on the underlying methods and techniques.The initial validation of this investigation was based in the application of the RETIS in five real organizational settings. Organizations that demonstrate higher maturity in their information systems’ function presented a less technological-driven RE approach.
- Promoção do Sucesso na Introdução de Sistemas de Informação em SaúdePublication . Paulo, Teixeira; Leite, Patrícia; Rocha, ÁlvaroO elevado número de publicações que descrevem casos de insucesso na introdução de sistemas de informação em saúde torna recomendável a análise dos factores que possam contribuir para esse fracasso. Por outro lado a própria noção de sucesso não é assumida em todas as publicações segundo a mesma perspectiva. Baseados numa revisão da literatura, é defendido que a introdução de sistemas deva ser suportada por uma combinação ecléctica de áreas do conhecimento, privilegiando metodologias que reforcem o papel da cultura organizacional e dos recursos humanos em todo o processo. Por ouro lado defendemos que a introdução de sistemas deve ser orientada por uma matriz de factores definidos previamente e pelos quais possa ser aferido o sucesso.