FCT (DCEA) - Artigos em Revistas Científicas Internacionais com Arbitragem Científica
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- Sustainable generative AI and quantum computing: review assessment on the environmental impact of generative AI and quantum technologiesPublication . Esho, Esther Oreofeoluwa; Akinyelu, Andronicus Ayobami; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaThe rapid advancement of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) and Quantum Computing (QC) presents transformative opportunities, yet their high computational requirements raise concerns about their environmental sustainability. This comprehensive review examines the ecological footprint of both technologies, focusing on key metrics like energy consumption, carbon emissions, and resource depletion. Findings from existing studies consistently indicate that the impact of GenAI is mostly driven by the immense energy demands of large-scale model training and inference. Moreover, findings from the review reveal that the footprint of QC largely stems from the energy-intensive cryogenic cooling and rare material requirements of its specialized hardware. This paper benchmarks current approaches to environmental assessment, highlighting the important role of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in providing a holistic view of the classification of environmental impacts across the entire supply chain, from manufacturing to disposal. This study proposes a range of domain-specific mitigation strategies, including algorithmic optimizations like pruning and distillation for AI, and cryogenic and material sourcing improvements for quantum systems. This study also proposes a framework for proactive, responsible innovation and identifies some gaps in the literature, such as the lack of standardized metrics and transparent reporting. There is a need to embed eco-conscious principles in the design of future technologies and highlight opportunities where these technologies can be used to handle broader climate challenges. The findings in this study can be used by policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders in aligning technological progress with global climate and sustainability goals.
- How cities are striving to cope with ever-increasing temperaturesPublication . Leal Filho, Walter; Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Fracassi, Umberto; Nagy, GustavoPurpose: This study looks at the growing trend of higher temperatures in cities during the summer months. This rise in temperature leads to various environmental and health issues. This research aims to identify the major risks posed by extreme heat, especially for vulnerable communities. It also evaluates how well the current measures in different cities around the world address this increasing problem. Design/methodology/approach: The research adopts a comparative analysis approach, examining and contrasting specific measures and strategies adopted across different cities worldwide to address rising urban heat. The study reviews existing literature and real-world examples from 2023 and 2024 to explore how cities are coping with extreme temperatures, focusing on solutions such as green infrastructure, early warning systems and water management strategies. Findings: The results reveal that, while some cities have made considerable progress in enhancing their heat resilience, including the implementation of urban greening and improved early warning systems, there remains a pressing need for more targeted measures to address urban heat effectively to strategically protect human well-being in a context where excess heat conditions migrate from exception to occurrence. The study emphasises that metropolitan areas and expanding megacities worldwide require comprehensive strategies to manage summer heatwaves and adapt to the impacts of a changing climate posing novel, compounded hazards to human health. Originality/value: This paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on urban heat resilience by highlighting the emerging patterns of extreme temperatures and their effects on public health and well-being. It underscores the urgency for cities to adopt adaptive strategies to cope with rising temperatures, offering insights into the potential trajectory of heatwaves in 2024 and beyond. The study provides a timely and relevant analysis of the global urban heat challenge, urging policymakers and urban planners to prioritise sustainable and effective interventions demanded by populations across the full complex spectrum of contemporary societies.
- Addressing climate change education: relevant contributions from universitiesPublication . Leal Filho, Walter; Sow, Baba Libasse; Perlin, Ana Paula; Mbah, Marcellus Forh; Costa, Cristina Amaro da; Azam, Fardous Mohammad Safiul; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaPurpose: This study aims to identify and describe the nature of higher education institutions’ (HEIs) engagement with climate change (CC) education, exploring their contributions to addressing the multifaceted challenges associated with the phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach: By using a dual methodological approach consisting of an expert-driven literature review with supporting cases, the study provides a novel perspective of university involvement in CC education, emphasising theoretical insights and practical applications. Findings: The study asserts that universities contribute significantly to CC education through the development of specialised teaching programmes, innovative research initiatives and the establishment of interdisciplinary collaborations. However, challenges abound, including limited financial resources, institutional inertia and the complexity of integrating CC topics across diverse academic disciplines. By fostering partnerships with external stakeholders, implementing innovative teaching methodologies and strengthening governance frameworks, universities can further enhance the effectiveness and reach of CC education initiatives. Research limitations/implications: While the study offers valuable insights, it acknowledges potential limitations, including the scope of example studies and the specificity of findings to certain institutional contexts, which impedes generalisation. Avenues for further research to understand university contributions to CC education have been advanced. Practical implications: The paper provides practical insights for universities to optimise their engagement in CC education, emphasising the mobilisation of student involvement and the promotion of transdisciplinary approaches, amongst others. Social implications: While emphasising the role of universities in CC education, the study underscores the broader societal impact of informed and engaged HEIs to drive positive change by instilling awareness and promoting sustainable practices. Originality/value: The findings offer original perspectives on the importance of university engagement in CC education and provide practical measures for optimising their contribution to a sustainable future via pedagogical, programme and strategic/whole institutional levels.
- Editorial: Global excellence in sustainability – EuropePublication . Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Süßbauer, Elisabeth; Kalogeras, Nikos; Sylvia, LorekEditorial on the Research Topic Global Excellence in Sustainability: Europe.
- Is carbon dioxide removal in the Arctic region really feasible?Publication . Leal Filho, Walter; Luetz, Johannes; Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Hunt, Julian; Nagy, GustavoThe Arctic region, warming at nearly four times the global average rate, is both an important carbon sink and a potential source of greenhouse gas emissions, especially due to thawing permafrost. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is increasingly recognised as a necessary measure to support global efforts to reduce emissions. This article examines whether, and under what conditions, large-scale CDR deployment in the Arctic is practically feasible. It also discusses the challenges associated with it. We synthesise peer-reviewed evidence on the performance of key CDR approaches relevant to high-latitude environments, including nature-based solutions (NbS), e.g. peatland restoration, blue carbon protection and afforestation, as well as enhanced rock weathering (ERW), ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) and direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS). Across these approaches, the feasibility is constrained by permafrost dynamics, hydrology, ecological sensitivity, energy availability, monitoring and verification, and governance. Whereas some CDR methods offer potential climate benefits, most are characterised by considerable uncertainty and context-dependent trade-offs. None currently demonstrates unequivocal feasibility at scale under Arctic conditions. Beyond these technical and ecological constraints, we identify four clusters of socio-political barriers that further complicate Arctic CDR: governance fragmentation, geopolitical tensions, inadequate regulatory mechanisms, and uneven global deployment. A comparative assessment suggests that peatland restoration and blue carbon protection are the most immediately actionable options, whereas DACCS and OAE would require substantial new infrastructure and energy investment. The study concludes by outlining targeted policy and research priorities to address existing technological, ecological, and governance challenges, and to situate Arctic CDR within broader mitigation strategies without risking over-reliance or mitigation deterrence. The novelty of this paper lies in its analysis of the multiple variables that influence the viability of CDR. Overall, Arctic CDR appears technically possible but remains highly constrained, with its feasibility contingent on meeting stringent operational conditions, robust governance, and continued emissions reductions elsewhere.
- Automating city accessibility constraints mapping through AI‐assisted scanning of street view imageryPublication . Silva Moreira, Rui; Moita, Sérgio; Torres, José Manuel; Alberto Ribeiro Gouveia, Feliz; Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Ferreira, Diogo; Pereira, Madalena Sofia Araujo; Guerreiro, Maria João S.; Zhou, GuyueUrban environments often pose challenges for individuals with mobility impairments due to inadequate pedestrian infrastructure. In addition, the lack of accurate mapping of accessibility features limits the ability to monitor and address these constraints effectively. This paper introduces a framework for Automating City Accessibility Mapping using AI (ACAMAI), that is, provides an AI-assisted pipeline for the automated identification and geolocation of urban accessibility constraints using Google Street View (GSV) panoramas. The ACAMAI pipeline comprises two main stages: (i) training a YOLOv8 object detector to recognise accessibility-related features, such as curb ramps, missing ramps, obstacles and surface problems, in 2D sidewalk images; and (ii) scanning 360° GSV panoramas by extracting multiple perspective views to be analysed by the trained model. The model was trained on a combination of international (Project Sidewalk Dataset—PSD) and local (Porto Dataset—PTD) datasets, achieving high performance across classes, including 91% recall and 85% precision for curb ramps. In the panorama scanning stage, using a fine angular iterative step (2°) maximised the recall, reaching 90% for curb ramps and 93% for obstacles in a locally annotated dataset (GSV Panorama Porto Dataset—GSV-PPD). Although this improved detection coverage, it also led to a high number of redundant predictions, which contributed to a reduced overall precision. Finally, identified constraints are georeferenced and mapped onto OpenStreetMap (OSM), supporting scalable and inclusive urban planning.
- Circular economy implementation challenges for achieving SDG 12Publication . Leal Filho, Walter; Shollo, Fran; Sidsaph, Henry; Motta, Wladmir; Rampasso, Izabela Simon; Fonseca Albuquerque Cavalcanti Sigahi, Tiago; Anholon, Rosley; MEIRIÑO, MARCELO; Campos, Lucila Maria de Souza; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaDespite the relevance of Circular Economy (CE) and the Sustainable Development Goal 12 (SDG 12) and the growing body of literature on the CE and SDG 12, there remains a significant research gap in systematically linking theoretical barriers to CE implementation with practical, industry-specific examples that demonstrate how these barriers impede progress toward SDG 12 targets. In this context, this paper explores the multifaceted challenges impeding the transition to a CE and its potential to contribute to SDG 12. There is a perceived need to address the challenges associated with the implementation of SDG 12. To analyse these challenges, this study uses two methods of analysis. The first was a critical analysis of the literature describing the challenges in achieving SDG 12. The second method consisted of assessing three case studies of companies from different sectors. The evidence gathered led to the listing of specific measures that may be implemented to address current challenges, including greater stakeholders´ integration, policy innovation, and consumer engagement. By identifying key barriers and proposing strategic solutions, this paper provides valuable insights that may enhance the implementation of CE principles, ultimately facilitating progress for meeting SDG 12 and fostering a sustainable future. Therefore, the present research moves beyond general descriptions of CE barriers and offers a practical roadmap for policymakers and businesses. It highlights the specific challenges that must be addressed to achieve measurable progress in resource efficiency, waste reduction, and sustainable consumption patterns as outlined by the 2030 Agenda.
- Dinner is served: how climate change interferes with olive oil productionPublication . Leal Filho, Walter; Luetz, Johannes; Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Nagy, GustavoThe Mediterranean region accounts for nearly 95% of global olive oil production. However, climate change - manifesting in intensified heatwaves, prolonged droughts, and increased pest prevalence - is undermining both the quantity and quality of yields. These disruptions threaten the livelihoods of rural producers and destabilize international markets. This article examines the complexities facing growers and outlines targeted mitigation strategies, highlighting the broader implications of climate change for a staple commodity relied upon daily by millions around the world. The analysis highlights interconnected climate impacts on agriculture, trade, and gastronomy, and identifies opportunities to enhance resilience through policy, agronomic innovation, and sustainable practices. It advances an integrated approach to Mediterranean food sustainability, linking agricultural adaptation with culinary heritage.
- University rankings and sustainable development: the state of the artPublication . Leal Filho, Walter; Trevisan, Laís; WAHAJ, ZUJAJA; Déda Araújo Nunes, Denner; Vasconcelos, Claudio Ruy Portela de; Dibbern, Thais Aparecida; Ruiz Vargas, Valeria; Iyer-Raniga, Usha; Anholon, Rosley; Novikau, Aliaksandr; Abubakar, Ismaila Rimi; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaPurpose In light of the growing emphasis on sustainability in higher education, this paper aims to explore the effectiveness of sustainability university rankings, specifically focusing on sustainable development (SD), to understand their impact on advancing universities’ sustainability goals and address gaps in practical implications and limitations. Design/methodology/approach This study examines sustainability rankings in higher education (HE) through document analysis. Chosen for significance, these rankings were evaluated for regional participation, criteria and the top 20 universities. The method involved scrutinising official ranking websites for diverse perspectives on sustainability. The results are classified into three categories: regional participation, assessment criteria and top universities in the latest iterations. Findings The findings show that sustainability rankings are widely spread, and their existence has led to an increased motivation for universities to further engage in efforts in the field of SD. This study offers suggestions for optimising the role of promoting SD principles and practices in HE. Originality/value This comprehensive assessment sheds light on rankings’ operations and success levels. It makes a significant contribution to the literature, providing an unprecedented overview of analysed rankings and on sustainability assessment and their impact. This analysis will be valuable for universities towards the integration of SD principles and practices into the HE environment.
- Exploring the imperative of education and learning for sustainable development: research gaps and pathwaysPublication . Leal Filho, Walter; da Silva Neiva, Samara; Vasconcelos, Claudio Ruy Portela de; Fritzen Gomes, Bárbara Maria; Sharifi, Ayyoob; Kozlova (Feldmane), Valerija; mifsud, Mark; Pace, Paul; Platje, Johannes; Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Da Cunha, Dênis Antônio; Erin Ann Hopkins; Lez Rayman-BacchusPurpose This paper aims to emphasize the significance of integrating sustainable development (SD) content into higher education institutions (HEIs) curricula. The focus is on identifying areas of research demand related to SD in teaching and learning programmes. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a comprehensive approach, combining bibliometric analysis and an original survey instrument tool. The research involves HEIs staff engaged in both research and teaching roles across 36 countries worldwide. Findings The findings of the study shed light on the challenges and gaps in incorporating SD into HEIs curricula. Insights reveal that researchers focusing on SD within teaching and learning programmes face a notable obstacle in the form of congested timetables. Research limitations/implications While providing valuable insights, this research acknowledges study design and methodology limitations. These limitations should be considered when interpreting the findings and planning future research endeavours in SD in HEIs. Practical implications The paper underscores the practical implications of the findings, emphasising the need to address congested timetables as a significant obstacle to sustainability education efforts. The practical insights aim to guide educators and institutions in enhancing the incorporation of SD content in their teaching programmes. Social implications The study’s social implications highlight the broader impact on society, emphasising the role of HEIs in shaping a sustainable future. Addressing the identified challenges can contribute to better preparing students for addressing real-world sustainability issues, thereby fostering positive social change. Originality/value This paper concludes by outlining essential measures to address identified challenges and gaps, emphasising the imperative of creating an environment that supports the integration of SD into higher education curricula. The findings provide valuable guidance for educators, policymakers and institutions seeking to enhance sustainability education efforts.