FCHS (DCPC) - Capítulos de Livros em Editoras Internacionais
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Browsing FCHS (DCPC) - Capítulos de Livros em Editoras Internacionais by Author "Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta"
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- Cyber dating abuse victimization and association with offline dating violence.Publication . Caridade, Sónia; Ataíde, Isa; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaDespite the positive effects associated with information and communication technologies (ICTs) on youth socialization process (e.g., ability to exercise self-control, to promote tolerance and respect for others, to adequately express feelings, to exercise critical thinking, and to make decisions), negative effects have also been documented (e.g., cyberbullying or online risk taking behaviour), including cyber dating abuse (CDA). Some studies have been documenting that CDA is an extension of offline dating violence (ODV). Accordingly, this chapter summarizes the findings when analysing the association between CDA and ODV in a sample of 145 Portuguese adolescents and young adults, mostly female (89%), with mean age of 23.54 and standard deviation (SD) of 4.01 years. Results show that CDA and ODV are very prevalent among Portuguese youth involved in dating relationships and that both types of abuse were positively associated in terms of victimization and perpetration. The co-occurrence of CDA and ODV signals the importance of finding additional strategies to encourage more cautious use of ICTs in order to prevent specific situations between dating partners, able to trigger abusive behaviour.
- Disclosure of dating violence victims: strategies and reasons for help-seekingPublication . Caridade, Sónia; Pinheiro, Inês; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaHelp-seeking in dating violence (DV) is crucial to mitigate the risks associated with adolescent and young people’s mental health, improving conflict negotiation skills and anger management, as well as developing strategies for self-protection and prevention of future violence. A qualitative study to analyse and characterize the disclosure in victims of DV, more specifically to identify strategies and reasons for help-seeking, is presented in this chapter. A semi-structured and in-depth interview was used to collect data from 13 DV victims, aged 17-30 years old (M = 25 and SD = 3.66 years old). The content of the interviews was submitted to thematic analysis. Participants have identified several barriers for help-seeking (i.e., threats, fear of losing partner, feeling of shame, not recognizing abuse); victims tend to seek more informal help (i.e., family, friends, siblings) rather than formal help (i.e., counsellors, health professionals); the preference for an informal help source is justified by the greater availability, the fact that some sources know and witness DV and the greater awareness of the situation; participants also identified a number of social reactions, most of which were interpreted by the victims as positive (i.e., emotional support, seeking formal help, conversation with the abuser). In conclusion, efforts to prevent or intervene in DV relationships should reinforce the need to encourage the help-seeking behaviour of DV victims in order to favour their psychological adjustment and prevent further aggression.
- Distance learning and social issues: opportunities and challenges in preventing violencePublication . Caridade, Sónia; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaDistance learning (DL) assumes a relevant place in the scope of social sciences’ approaches adopted in terms of violence prevention, through the creation and development of digital platforms addressing different types of violence. As a consequence of the wide use of information and communication technologies (ICT) by young people, the risks represented for experiencing violence, and the advantages in terms of the rapid dissemination of information, there has been an increasing use of digital tools to prevent different victimization phenomena. Although there are constraints associated with DL, it has lower costs of learning training per person, allowing a wide dissemination of information. This chapter intends to analyse and discuss how DL may address violence prevention in terms of social sciences issues specific interventions. In the expectation that others may emerge, existing practices in this area covering the most diverse types of violence affecting young people are presented and described.
- Police attitudes toward domestic violence: proposal of an assessment questionnairePublication . Caridade, Sónia; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaDomestic violence (DV) is a problem of global concern, widely recognized as a public health issue. There are still many bias and gender stereotypes associated with this phenomenon, particularly when occurring between same-sex partners and against men. As the first official authorities answering to DV situations, police officers play a crucial role in the support for victims of DV. Police attitudes and their perceptions and responses to DV are very important in promoting a sense of security and well-being in victims seeking assistance and protection from DV. The police attitudes toward DV also determine the availability of the victims to seek help from this formal source. Regardless of all the DV studies available in literature, few researches have focused on the role of gender stereotypes affecting police attitudes in response to DV, either through the support provided to the victims or in relation to the victims’ complaints. Knowledge of police attitudes in response to DV can contribute to better inform policymaking practice. This chapter aims to analyse and discuss the traditional beliefs and gender stereotypes underlying police attitudes associated with DV. An assessment questionnaire is proposed as a result. The chapter ends with considerations encompassing DV prevention and intervention programs, highlighting the importance of the police authorities in adopting proactive and supportive attitudes in the response of DV victims.
- Stay or leave abusive dating relationships: portuguese victims’ reasons and barriersPublication . Caridade, Sónia; Pinheiro, Inês; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaThe decision to stay or leave an abusive relationship is multifactorial and frequently involves a cyclic process involving several phases. This article presents a qualitative analysis regarding the reasons and barriers to stay or leave an abusive dating relationship, as well as the challenges that it implies. A semi-structured, in-depth interview was used to collect data from thirteen dating victims, aged 17–30 years and mainly female (n = 12). The emotional and affective dependence of the partner and the belief that behaviour may change emerge as the main reasons presented by the victims to remain in an abusive relationship. Shame, fear of losing the partner, and failure to recognize the abusive relationship were reported as the main barriers to leave the abusive relationship, thus making it difficult to seek help. Understanding reasons to stay in, or barriers to leave, an abusive relationship is fundamental to promoting help-seeking behaviours in victims of dating violence (DV), particularly in the case of young people, since it has serious implications in the developmental pathway of this age group.
- Youth victims of community violence: developmental outcomes and prevention challengesPublication . Caridade, Sónia; Sani, Ana Isabel; Nunes, Laura M.; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaCommunity violence (CV) is recognized as a complex problem, with multiple origins and expressed in variable ways, encompassing different types of violence and crimes (e.g., assault, rape, robbery), as a result of circumstances that are related to the characteristics of the environment. Due to socialization and independence processes that are part of youth developmental pathways, young people tend to spend more time away from home and on the street, becoming more exposed to violence and thus also contributing to repeated victimization processes. Different studies have shown that distinct situations may promote numerous victimization processes, with a particular impact on the developmental outcomes of youth and causing great suffering. It has been reported that exposure to violence in the community is associated with mental health issues, i.e., post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression, poor academic performance, aggressive and antisocial behaviours, alcohol and substance abuse, along with multiple adverse health risk behaviours, suicidal ideation, and also resulting in subsequent homelessness in adulthood. With this review chapter, it is intended to analyse and discuss the impact that CV exposure has on youth, accompanied with practical proposals to prevent it. The concept of CV and the different types of violence and crimes that could be involved are examined, mapping the prevalence of youth affected by this form of violence, analysing the effects of exposure to CV, and concluding with initiatives aimed to contribute to the prevention against this sort of violence, and to minimize the consequences and suffering involved.