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Cancro do pulmão e poluição: um estudo transversal
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
São vários os estudos que estabelecem uma relação direta entre a exposição a poluentes e
o desenvolvimento de determinadas patologias cancerígenas. O estado do ambiente é diretamente
influenciado, em parte, pelas atividades antropogénicas, das quais se salientam a tipologia de atividade
económica existente no local. Partindo de um projeto inicial WeGIx – WellBeing Global Index – o
presente artigo procura:
Objetivos: Estabelecer relação de associação entre os óbitos por tumores malignos da laringe, brônquios,
traqueia e pulmões e a exposição ao ambiente, nomeadamente às emissões de PM10, PM2,5 e
NOx, bem como à tipologia de empresa alocada ao município, tendo por base a tipologia do território
– Predominantemente Urbano, Semiurbano e Predominantemente Rural.
Material e Método: Estudo observacional, transversal; dados estatísticos referentes ao ano de 2015
provenientes do PORDATA e APA – Agência Portuguesa do Ambiente da população portuguesa residente
nos 308 municípios. Análise de dados efetuada utilizando o IBM® SPSS® Statistics vs.24.0, considerando
um nível de significância de 0,05 para todas as situações de inferência estatística.
Resultados: As associações efetuadas revelam uma diferença de médias estatisticamente significativas
entre as três tipologias de território no que se refere à mortalidade. Os resultados demonstram
que o comportamento das variáveis independentes (relacionadas com as caraterísticas da população,
…) em relação com a variável dependente (mortalidade) oscila consoante a tipologia… (predominantemente
urbano, Semiurbano e Predominantemente Rural.
Conclusões: O estudo das variáveis em análise permite concluir a existência de uma relação de associação
entre os óbitos por tumores malignos do pulmão e a exposição das pessoas a emissões de PM10,
PM2,5 e NOx. No que se refere à tipologia de atividade económica, enquanto elemento condicionado
pelas características do território, o impacto da sua variabilidade difere do tipo de território, consequentemente,
influenciando de forma distinta a vulnerabilidade à morte.
Several studies have established a direct relationship between environment exposure and the development of certain cancer pathologies. The state of the environment is directly influenced, in part, by anthropogenic activities, which highlight the typology of economic activity in the area. Starting from an initial project, namely WeGIx - WellBeing Global Index - this article aims to: Objectives: Establish an association between deaths due to malignant tumors of the larynx, bronchi, trachea and lungs and environmental exposure, namely PM10, PM2,5 e NOx emissions, as well as to the type of economic activity allocated to the municipality, based on the typology of the territory - Predominantly Urban, Semi-urban and Predominantly Rural. Material and Method: Observational and transversal study; statistical data for the year 2015 from the PORDATA and APA - Portuguese Environment Agency - of the Portuguese population resident in the 308 municipalities. Data analysis performed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics vs.24.0, considering a significance level of 0.05 for all statistical inference situations. Results: The associations made reveal a statistically significant difference of means between the three types of territory with regard to mortality. The results show that the behavior of the independent variables - related to population characteristics, pollutant emissions and typology of economic activity – in relation to mortality – varies according to the type of territory - Predominantly Urban, Semi-urban and Predominantly Rural. Conclusions: The study of the variables under analysis allows us to conclude that there is an association between deaths due to malignant larynx, bronchial, tracheal and lung tumors and the exposure of people to the environment, namely PM10, PM2.5 and NOx emissions. Regarding the typology of economic activity, as an element conditioned by the characteristics of the territory, the impact of its variability differs from the type of territory, consequently, influencing in a different way the vulnerability to death.
Several studies have established a direct relationship between environment exposure and the development of certain cancer pathologies. The state of the environment is directly influenced, in part, by anthropogenic activities, which highlight the typology of economic activity in the area. Starting from an initial project, namely WeGIx - WellBeing Global Index - this article aims to: Objectives: Establish an association between deaths due to malignant tumors of the larynx, bronchi, trachea and lungs and environmental exposure, namely PM10, PM2,5 e NOx emissions, as well as to the type of economic activity allocated to the municipality, based on the typology of the territory - Predominantly Urban, Semi-urban and Predominantly Rural. Material and Method: Observational and transversal study; statistical data for the year 2015 from the PORDATA and APA - Portuguese Environment Agency - of the Portuguese population resident in the 308 municipalities. Data analysis performed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics vs.24.0, considering a significance level of 0.05 for all statistical inference situations. Results: The associations made reveal a statistically significant difference of means between the three types of territory with regard to mortality. The results show that the behavior of the independent variables - related to population characteristics, pollutant emissions and typology of economic activity – in relation to mortality – varies according to the type of territory - Predominantly Urban, Semi-urban and Predominantly Rural. Conclusions: The study of the variables under analysis allows us to conclude that there is an association between deaths due to malignant larynx, bronchial, tracheal and lung tumors and the exposure of people to the environment, namely PM10, PM2.5 and NOx emissions. Regarding the typology of economic activity, as an element conditioned by the characteristics of the territory, the impact of its variability differs from the type of territory, consequently, influencing in a different way the vulnerability to death.
Description
Keywords
Tumores malignos Saúde Ambiente Emissões Antropogénicas Atividade económica
Citation
Barreira, Esmeralda; Pontes, Manuela; Maia, Rui; Oliveira, Gisela; Vidal, Diogo. 2018. "Cancro do pulmão e poluição: um estudo transversal". Onco.News (37): 14-19
Publisher
AEOP - Associação de Enfermagem Oncológica Portuguesa