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Reabilitação sustentável de edifício com necessidades de energia nulas ou quase nulas: caso de estudo
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Resumo(s)
O parque habitacional existente, enquanto processo de edificação, é um dos elementos
que contribui para a forte degradação do ambiente.
A indústria da construção é uma das principais atividades que consome mais matériaprima
que qualquer outra atividade económica. A reabilitação urbana de imóveis, em
particular no centro das cidades tem assistido a um grande crescimento nos últimos anos,
com o fim de converter esses imóveis em alojamentos turísticos.
Nos dias de hoje, para que o conforto ambiental seja satisfatório, o nível de eficiência dos
edifícios é insustentável, provocando um consumo elevado de recursos naturais. Face a
estas preocupações é necessário criar um padrão de construção mais sustentável,
integrando os parâmetros ambientais, sociais e económicos na tomada de decisão no que
toca ao consumo de recursos naturais disponíveis.
Esta dissertação intitulada “Reabilitação Sustentável de Edifício com Necessidades de
Energia Nulas ou Quase Nulas – Caso de Estudo”, pretendeu-se refletir sobre a solução
mais adequada no processo de demolição de um edifício, o tipo de resíduos que são
extraídos do mesmo, assim como o tipo de utilização que podem vir a ter no fim da sua
vida útil, de forma a minimizar os impactos causados pela construção civil no meio
ambiente.
Aplicou-se toda a base teórica na investigação de um caso de estudo – um edifício a
reabilitar, começando por analisar os materiais presentes, qual o destino a dar a estes, de
forma a que estes possam ser utilizados novamente e assim contribuir para uma
construção sustentável. Foram abordados os princípios ambientais, económicos e sociais
necessários para atingir a sustentabilidade do edifício.
Por último, é apresentado e calculado a sustentabilidade do caso de estudo, calculando o
período de retorno do investimento e determinar se as melhorias implementadas são
viáveis no caso de estudo, de forma a minimizar os impactes ambientais e a redução dos
consumos durante a utilização do edifício.
The existing housing stock is one of the elements that contributes to the strong degradation of the environment while waiting for the building process. The construction industry is one of the main activities that consumes more raw materials than any other economic activity. Urban regeneration in the city center has seen a great growth in recent years, with the aim of becoming tourist accommodation. Nowadays, for the environmental comfort to be satisfactory, the efficiency level of the buildings is unsustainable, causing a high consumption of natural resources. In the light of these concerns, it is necessary to create a more sustainable building pattern by integrating environmental, social and economic parameters into decision-making regarding the consumption of available natural resources. This dissertation entitled “Sustainable Rehabilitation of Buildings with Zero or Almost Zero Energy Needs - Case Study”, was intended to reflect the most appropriate solution about the demolition process of a building, the type of waste that is extracted from it, as well as the kind of use that they may have at the end of their useful life, in order to minimize the impacts caused by civil construction on the environment. The whole theoretical basis was applied to the investigation of a case study - a building to be rehabilitated, starting by analyzing the present materials, what is the destination for them, so that they can be used again and thus contribute to a sustainable building. The environmental, economic and social principles necessary to achieve the sustainability of the building were addressed. The whole theoretical basis was applied to the investigation of a case study - a building to be rehabilitated, starting by analyzing the present materials, what is the destination for them, so that they can be used again and thus contribute to the sustainability of the building. The environmental, economic and social principles necessary to achieve the sustainability of the building were addressed. Finally, the case study is presented by calculating the payback period and determining whether the implemented improvements are feasible in the case study, in order to minimize environmental impacts and reduce consumption during the use of the building.
The existing housing stock is one of the elements that contributes to the strong degradation of the environment while waiting for the building process. The construction industry is one of the main activities that consumes more raw materials than any other economic activity. Urban regeneration in the city center has seen a great growth in recent years, with the aim of becoming tourist accommodation. Nowadays, for the environmental comfort to be satisfactory, the efficiency level of the buildings is unsustainable, causing a high consumption of natural resources. In the light of these concerns, it is necessary to create a more sustainable building pattern by integrating environmental, social and economic parameters into decision-making regarding the consumption of available natural resources. This dissertation entitled “Sustainable Rehabilitation of Buildings with Zero or Almost Zero Energy Needs - Case Study”, was intended to reflect the most appropriate solution about the demolition process of a building, the type of waste that is extracted from it, as well as the kind of use that they may have at the end of their useful life, in order to minimize the impacts caused by civil construction on the environment. The whole theoretical basis was applied to the investigation of a case study - a building to be rehabilitated, starting by analyzing the present materials, what is the destination for them, so that they can be used again and thus contribute to a sustainable building. The environmental, economic and social principles necessary to achieve the sustainability of the building were addressed. The whole theoretical basis was applied to the investigation of a case study - a building to be rehabilitated, starting by analyzing the present materials, what is the destination for them, so that they can be used again and thus contribute to the sustainability of the building. The environmental, economic and social principles necessary to achieve the sustainability of the building were addressed. Finally, the case study is presented by calculating the payback period and determining whether the implemented improvements are feasible in the case study, in order to minimize environmental impacts and reduce consumption during the use of the building.