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Métodos analíticos para a deteção de vírus no âmbito da saúde pública: água e alimentos
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| PPG_33864 | 1010.7 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A virologia ambiental é uma área ainda pouco desenvolvida da virologia, embora nos últimos anos, tem-se assistido a um crescente interesse e preocupação pelos assuntos relacionados com a transmissão de vírus através de água e alimentos contaminados.
Os microrganismos patogénicos transmitidos por águas residuais são posteriormente libertados no ambiente, afetando a qualidade da água e consequentemente, a saúde humana.
A gastroenterite viral é uma das doenças humanas mais comuns em todo o mundo, contraída pelo consumo e uso de águas contaminas por vírus entéricos. Desta forma epidemiologicamente relevante documentar a presença dos agentes etiológicos dessas doenças em águas ambientais, bem como as características que levam à sua transmissão. O presente trabalho foca-se na importância da pesquisa de vírus nas águas de consumo e em alimentos por via a melhorar a saúde das populações envolvidas, descrevendo os principais patogénios encontrados, bem como as principais doenças e métodos de tratamento. Posteriormente são referidos os principais modos de prevenção destas ocorrências e quais os obstáculos que precisam de ser ultrapassados para evitar a sua atual persistência.
Environmental virology is still an undeveloped area of virology, although in recent years, there has been a growing interest and concern in matters related to the transmission of viruses through contaminated water and food. Pathogenic microorganisms transmitted by wastewater are subsequently released into the environment, affecting water quality and, consequently, human health. Viral gastroenteritis is one of the most common human diseases worldwide, contracted by the consumption and use of contaminated water by enteric viruses. Therefore, it is epidemiologically relevant to document the presence of the etiological agents of these diseases in environmental waters, as well as the characteristics that lead to their transmission. The present work focuses on the importance of researching viruses in drinking water and food to improve the health of the populations involved, describing the main pathogens found, as well as the main diseases and treatment methods. Subsequently, the main ways of preventing these occurrences and the obstacles that need to be overcome to avoid their current persistence are mentioned.
Environmental virology is still an undeveloped area of virology, although in recent years, there has been a growing interest and concern in matters related to the transmission of viruses through contaminated water and food. Pathogenic microorganisms transmitted by wastewater are subsequently released into the environment, affecting water quality and, consequently, human health. Viral gastroenteritis is one of the most common human diseases worldwide, contracted by the consumption and use of contaminated water by enteric viruses. Therefore, it is epidemiologically relevant to document the presence of the etiological agents of these diseases in environmental waters, as well as the characteristics that lead to their transmission. The present work focuses on the importance of researching viruses in drinking water and food to improve the health of the populations involved, describing the main pathogens found, as well as the main diseases and treatment methods. Subsequently, the main ways of preventing these occurrences and the obstacles that need to be overcome to avoid their current persistence are mentioned.
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Keywords
Vírus Microbiologia Controlo de águas e alimentos Virologia ambiental Métodos analíticos Sequenciação molecular Saúde pública Virus Microbiology Water and food control Environmental virology Analytical methods Molecular sequencing Public health