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Publication
A percepção dos pais sobre a construção da autoestima dos filhos
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| 1.45 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O presente estudo qualitativo buscou identificar através da percepção de 6 mães portuguesas se existia relação entre a autoestima delas e o modelo parental em que foram criadas para a formação da autoestima de seus filhos. A amostra selecionada é composta por mulheres entre 34 e 46 anos em que pelo menos um dos filhos estivesse a frequentar o 1º ciclo em uma escola de Portugal. A pesquisa foi realizada no formato online e foram aplicados um Questionário de Caracterização Sociodemográfico, a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale – RSES; Rosenberg, 1965a) validado por Santos (2008), o Questionário de Estilos e Dimensões Parentais- Versão Reduzida (Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire - Short Form) validado por Miguel, Valentim & Carugati (2009) e um Guião de Entrevista Semiestruturado de 11 questões realizado através da plataforma Google Meet. Os resultados revelaram que todas as mães aplicam o modelo de educação parental autoritativo. A maior parte delas foi criada por outro modelo parental e não desejam repetir os comportamentos dos pais na educação dos filhos. Demonstraram estar desenvolvendo uma autoestima elevada nos filhos utilizando conversas sobre a escola e exemplos de vida como forma de promoção da mesma. Realizaram estudos sobre parentalidade na gravidez. A maioria apresentou autoestima baixa na infância e adolescência e elevada na atualidade. As variáveis idade, escolaridade e estado civil e contexto social não evidenciaram diferenças significativas nos relatos. Os resultados vão ao encontro de grande parte das pesquisas que tratam da importância do modelo autoritativo na construção da autoestima. Amostra reduzida, ausência de presença masculina na mesma e a possibilidade de existência do viés de desejabilidade social nas respostas das mães constituem algumas das limitações nesta investigação. Espera-se que novos estudos na população portuguesa possam ser realizados com o intuito de aplicar intervenções que contribuam para o desenvolvimento saudável da autoestima de crianças e adolescentes.
The present qualitative study sought to identify through the perception of 6 Portuguese mothers if there was a relationship between their self-esteem and the parental model in which they were raised to form their children's self-esteem. The sample selected is made up of women between 34 and 46 years old in which at least one of the children was attending the 1st cycle in a school in Portugal. The research was carried out online and a Sociodemographic Characterization Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, 1965a) validated by Santos (2008), the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire - Short Form validated by Miguel, Valentim & Carugati (2009) and a Semi-structured Interview Guide with 11 questions carried out through the Google Meet platform were applied. The results revealed that all mothers apply the authoritative parenting model. Most of them were raised by another parenting model and do not wish to repeat their parents' behaviors in raising their children. They demonstrated that they are developing high self-esteem in their children by using conversations about school and life examples as a way of promoting it. They carried out studies on parenting in pregnancy. Most of them presented low self-esteem in childhood and adolescence, and high self-esteem nowadays. The variables age, education, marital status and social context did not show significant differences in the reports. The results are in agreement with most of the researches that deal with the importance of the authoritative model in the construction of self-esteem. The small sample, the lack of male presence in it, and the possibility of social desirability bias in the mothers' answers are some of the limitations of this research. It is expected that further studies in the Portuguese population can be carried out in order to apply interventions that contribute to the healthy development of self-esteem in children and adolescents.
The present qualitative study sought to identify through the perception of 6 Portuguese mothers if there was a relationship between their self-esteem and the parental model in which they were raised to form their children's self-esteem. The sample selected is made up of women between 34 and 46 years old in which at least one of the children was attending the 1st cycle in a school in Portugal. The research was carried out online and a Sociodemographic Characterization Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES; Rosenberg, 1965a) validated by Santos (2008), the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire - Short Form validated by Miguel, Valentim & Carugati (2009) and a Semi-structured Interview Guide with 11 questions carried out through the Google Meet platform were applied. The results revealed that all mothers apply the authoritative parenting model. Most of them were raised by another parenting model and do not wish to repeat their parents' behaviors in raising their children. They demonstrated that they are developing high self-esteem in their children by using conversations about school and life examples as a way of promoting it. They carried out studies on parenting in pregnancy. Most of them presented low self-esteem in childhood and adolescence, and high self-esteem nowadays. The variables age, education, marital status and social context did not show significant differences in the reports. The results are in agreement with most of the researches that deal with the importance of the authoritative model in the construction of self-esteem. The small sample, the lack of male presence in it, and the possibility of social desirability bias in the mothers' answers are some of the limitations of this research. It is expected that further studies in the Portuguese population can be carried out in order to apply interventions that contribute to the healthy development of self-esteem in children and adolescents.
Description
Keywords
Desenvolvimento da autoestima Modelos parentais Parentalidade positiva Práticas parentais Programas parentais Development of self-esteem Parenting models Positive parenting Parenting practices Parenting programs