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Publication
A última muralha da cidade circunscrita: estrada da Circunvalação
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tese_de_mestrado_16378 | 160.19 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Estrada da Circunvalação é uma via semicircular integrada na área metropolitana do Porto. A sua caracterização formal foi, durante muito tempo, associada à moldura da cidade, patente nas representações cartográficas do último século. Os desígnios que promoveram a sua construção, patentes no seu traçado, evidenciam uma clara intenção de circunscrever a cidade. Este estudo expõe as divergências entre a sua base conceptual original e a sua função atual, uma vez que esta infraestrutura foi construída antes da era dos veículos motorizados, sendo, por isso, desnecessária para a distribuição de tráfego circular na época. A premissa surge assim pela confrontação entre o conceito e planeamento implícito na designação – associada à técnica militar de circunscrição de um espaço por uma vala ou fosso – e o seu domínio funcional, observado tanto durante o desenvolvimento da cidade como na conjuntura atual. Identificam-se aqui as cumplicidades implícitas na sua génese, como as influências das antigas muralhas do Porto e os paralelismos com barreiras existentes noutras cidades europeias à data da sua criação. Destacam-se os períodos conturbados do século XIX, como as Invasões Francesas, a Guerra Civil de 1832-1834 e a revolta de 1846, que fomentaram a construção de fortificações em torno do núcleo urbano. As questões sociais e económicas, bem como as vicissitudes da Era Industrial, que promoveram novas formas de pensar a cidade, foram igualmente identificadas como indutoras do surgimento desta barreira de circunscrição urbana. Este estudo baseia-se na recolha bibliográfica de carácter histórico, análise cartográfica comparativa e visitas in loco à área de estudo, constituindo estas as principais metodologias que suportam a investigação. O objetivo inicial é comprovar o desígnio da muralha urbana, cuja função primordial era condicionar os acessos à cidade, circunscrevendo-a com uma barreira física, em contraponto com a sua função atual. São identificados os pontos críticos no desenvolvimento das malhas urbanas, das nucleações ao longo do percurso e nos condicionalismos e regulação dos fluxos pendulares, refletindo assim o efeito da muralha no contexto urbano.
Estrada da Circunvalação is a semicircular road integrated into the metropolitan area of Porto. Its formal characterization has long been associated with the city's framework, evident in cartographic representations of the last century. The plans that promoted its construction, evident in its layout, show a clear intention to circumscribe the city. This study exposes the divergences between its original conceptual basis and its current function, as this infrastructure was built before the era of motorized vehicles and was therefore unnecessary for the distribution of circular traffic at that time. The premise thus arises from the confrontation between the concept/planning, implicit in the designation itself – associated with the military technique of circumscribing a space, by a ditch or moat – compared to its functional domain, observed both during the development of the city and in the current situation. Therefore, the implicit complicities in its genesis are identified here, such as the influences of the old walls of Porto, or the parallels with the barriers that existed in other European cities at the time of its creation. Also, the city's troubled periods in the 19th century, such as the French Invasions, the Civil War of 1832-1834, and the 1846 revolt, events that promoted the construction of fortifications around the urban core during this period. Social and economic issues, as well as the vicissitudes of the Industrial Era, which promoted new ways of thinking about the city, were also identified here as inducing the emergence of this barrier of urban circumscription. The development of this study is carried out through historical bibliographic collection, comparative cartographic analysis, and on-site visits to the study area, constituting the main part of the methodology that supports this investigation. The initial aim is to prove the design of the urban wall, which was born with a primary function of conditioning access to the city, circumscribing it with a physical barrier, in contrast to its current function, identifying critical points in the development of urban networks, nucleations along its route, and the constraints and regulation of commuting flows, thus reflecting the effect of the wall in the urban context.
Estrada da Circunvalação is a semicircular road integrated into the metropolitan area of Porto. Its formal characterization has long been associated with the city's framework, evident in cartographic representations of the last century. The plans that promoted its construction, evident in its layout, show a clear intention to circumscribe the city. This study exposes the divergences between its original conceptual basis and its current function, as this infrastructure was built before the era of motorized vehicles and was therefore unnecessary for the distribution of circular traffic at that time. The premise thus arises from the confrontation between the concept/planning, implicit in the designation itself – associated with the military technique of circumscribing a space, by a ditch or moat – compared to its functional domain, observed both during the development of the city and in the current situation. Therefore, the implicit complicities in its genesis are identified here, such as the influences of the old walls of Porto, or the parallels with the barriers that existed in other European cities at the time of its creation. Also, the city's troubled periods in the 19th century, such as the French Invasions, the Civil War of 1832-1834, and the 1846 revolt, events that promoted the construction of fortifications around the urban core during this period. Social and economic issues, as well as the vicissitudes of the Industrial Era, which promoted new ways of thinking about the city, were also identified here as inducing the emergence of this barrier of urban circumscription. The development of this study is carried out through historical bibliographic collection, comparative cartographic analysis, and on-site visits to the study area, constituting the main part of the methodology that supports this investigation. The initial aim is to prove the design of the urban wall, which was born with a primary function of conditioning access to the city, circumscribing it with a physical barrier, in contrast to its current function, identifying critical points in the development of urban networks, nucleations along its route, and the constraints and regulation of commuting flows, thus reflecting the effect of the wall in the urban context.
Description
Keywords
Circunvalação Muralha Barreira urbana Cidade circunscrita Morfologia urbana Ring road Wall Urban barrier Circumscribed city Urban morphology