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- School personnel perception of parental involvement and students’ behavior problems: practical implicationsPublication . Caridade, Sónia; Azevedo, Vanessa; Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Sani, Ana Isabel; Nunes, Laura M.School is a privileged context to prevent specific behavior problems. Parental involvement in school activities is crucial to promote social functioning. This study aimed to access the Portuguese school personnel perception of parental involvement and students’ behavior problems. A study with 333 school personnel, aged between 29 and 66 (M = 50.84, SD = 7.54), was developed. School personnel’s participants rated parental involvement as low and nearly one in five professionals rated student’s general behavior as bad. A significant association between parental involvement and the perception of students’ general behavior was found. 80% of the professionals rating student’s general behavior as bad also rating parental involvement as poor. Additional research into implications of parental involvement in school activities and school students’ behavior problems is necessary aiming assessment, prevention, and intervention strategies in this area.
- Social networks, the internet, and risks: portuguese parents' perception of online groomingPublication . Sani, Ana Isabel; Vieira, Ana Paula; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaThe paper presents an exploratory and descriptive quantitative study, involving 560 Portuguese parents with school children, aged between 6 and 17 years. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire that was made available online and focused on the use of social networks, the Internet and the risk of online grooming. The results showed that about half of the participants did not know the term 'online grooming'. After defining the phenomenon, 97% of the participants considered it very seriously. To prevent risk, 52% of the participants reported talking with their children about online risks and taking precautions to reduce the children's vulnerability. Approximately 89% of the respondents said they knew where to report cybercrime. The study aimed to contribute to a greater awareness of the risks associated with the Internet, involving parents and caregivers in the prevention of situations of victimization of children and adolescents.
- Child and adolescent multiple victimization and/or polyvictimization: a portuguese comparative studyPublication . Sani, Ana Isabel; Bastos, Daniela; Dinis, Maria Alzira PimentaWorldwide, children and adolescents are exposed to violence every day and in countless contexts, whether in the family, at school, or in the community. Child multiple victimization has been the subject of extensive international research because of the impact on child and youth development. A quantitative and comparative study aiming to understand child multiple victimization and/or polyvictimization from the perspective of children is presented. Two groups were studied, with and without psychological counselling, with 20 children each, aged 12–18 years old. All the participants answered to juvenile victimization questionnaire (JVQ). The study was approved by the University Ethics Committee responsible for the study in Portugal, and it was initiated after the obtained consent of the children’s legal guardians. The results indicated that young people frequently experience violent situations, with particular emphasis on conventional crimes, e.g., theft, robbery, vandalism, and assault with or without a weapon, with sexual victimization being less common. The results also show that there is a cumulative experience of violence, which evidences multiple victimization and polyvictimization of the child/adolescent throughout their life. These phenomena are not necessarily more common between populations with clinical follow-up. When the types of violence were compared, multiple victimization and polyvictimization, this study found no differences between the samples with and without psychological counselling. It can be concluded that the multiple victimization or polyvictimization problem is not unusual among the population in the studied age range. It is important to alert to the phenomenon of child/adolescent multiple victimization, aiming at a more effective assessment and intervention among these populations. Raising awareness of the phenomenon of multiple child and youth victimization or polyvictimization is of particular importance for preventing violence at all stages of development.
- School diagnostic: Perceptions of educational professionalsPublication . Caridade, Sónia; Sani, Ana Isabel; Nunes, Laura M.Aim: The school is a privileged context to prevent certain problems that may begin during the development of young students. The main objective is to assess the perceptions of educational professionals about the school structure, functioning, and organization, as well as students’ behaviors. Method: We developed an exploratory study using a questionnaire, applied to a sample of 81 educational agents, teachers and non-teachers, aged between 25 and 62 years (M = 45.8, SD = 10.6). Results: Despite the positive perception of the participants about the physical school environment, it is necessary to create spaces for leisure and sport, logistic conditions and multidisciplinary teams in order to maximize the overall good functioning of schools. Adding to this, participants described the participation of parents in the school life as negative; they also identified several disruptive behaviours among students and referred to a general lack of active participation in life school. Conclusion: It is important to create action plans in schools, which should be multimodal and multi-agent in order to have intervention perspectives with connected actions developed by different educational agents.
- Parental stress and risk of child abuse: the role of socioeconomic statusPublication . Martins, P. C.; Matos, Catarina Dias; Sani, Ana IsabelSpecialized literature points consistently to the relevance of parental stress in parenting practices and in the risk of child abuse. At the same time, it is known that socioeconomic status constitutes a risk factor to parental stress. This research aimed to compare differences in parental stress and risk of child abuse between different socioeconomic families, as well as determine whether parental stress constitutes a predictor of child abuse risk in both groups. The sample comprised 109 parents – 62 residents of low socioeconomic status in the Porto district and 47 residents of middle/high socioeconomic status in Funchal district – which completed the AAPI-2 and PSI. The results revealed that low-SES parents have higher levels of parental stress and are more likely to commit child abuse. It was also found that parental stress predicts the risk of child abuse both for low and middle/high SES parents, even if this relationship is stronger for low-income families. Thus, reducing parental stress may constitute an effective way to prevent child abuse by parents.
- Predicting frequent and feared crime typologies: individual and social/environmental variables, and incivilitiesPublication . Caridade, Sónia; Magalhães, Mariana; Azevedo, Vanessa; Dinis, Maria Alzira Pimenta; Maia, Rui Leandro; Estrada, Rui; Sani, Ana Isabel; Nunes, Laura M.The lack of organisation in urban spaces plays a decisive role in the level of integration, communication and social bonds of the residents, impacting the citizens’ feelings of trust and security. Different personal variables and contextual characteristics have been associated with the fear of crime (FOC). The main objective of this study is to analyse how individual and social/environmental variables, and incivilities, predict crime against people and property, crime that has either happened or is feared to happen. Five hundred and fifty-four residents (M = 43.82; SD = 18.38) in the Historic Centre of Porto (HCP), Portugal, answered 61 items of the Diagnosis of Local Security (DLS) Questionnaire. The results of this study show that in the most frequent crime category, 72% of occurrences represent crime against property. In the feared crime category, there is a preponderance of crime against people (61%). Age of the respondents predicted the most frequent and feared crime, while sex predicted the most feared crime only. Social/environmental variables, as well as incivilities, also predict the frequent and feared crime in two typologies, i.e., crime against people and crime against property. Practical implications to reduce FOC and areas for further investigation are discussed.
- Vitimação secundáriaPublication . Caridade, Sónia; Sani, Ana Isabel
- Violência contra niños y jóvenes en el mundo virtualPublication . Teixeira, Diana; Sani, Ana Isabel
- Psicologia e JustiçaPublication . Sani, Ana Isabel; Caridade, Sónia
- Dicionário Enciclopédico: Comportamento e Saúde MentalPublication . Nunes, Laura M.; Fonte, Carla; Alves, Sónia; Sani, Ana Isabel; Estrada, Rui; Caridade, SóniaEscrita num registo multidisciplinar, a presente obra reúne 235 verbetes, redigidos por 142 autores, especialistas nacionais e internacionais de diferentes instituições académicas e profissionais, estruturados em 4 domínios: 1) Comportamento Humano 2) Saúde Mental versus Doença Mental 3) Ciências e Constructos 4) Métodos e Técnicas Cada um dos verbetes deste livro apresenta, define e procura esclarecer, com a precisão possível, um tópico relevante relacionado com o comportamento e com a saúde mental. Se a saúde mental é um estado de bem-estar emocional e psicológico, mediante o qual o indivíduo é capaz de fazer uso das suas habilidades emocionais, cognitivas e sociais, convém não esquecer que a ausência de uma doença mental não significa que a pessoa goze de boa saúde mental. Por isso, o acompanhamento do seu comportamento diário é a melhor forma de conhecer o estado da sua saúde mental. Pensado e organizado para se constituir como um instrumento de referência para consulta, os estudantes e profissionais das áreas da psiquiatria, psicologia, enfermagem psiquiátrica, criminologia, serviço social e sociologia, entre outros, encontrarão, neste livro, um forte contributo para um maior conhecimento e evidência dos conceitos aqui apresentados.