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Publication
Síndrome de anorexia-caquexia no doente oncológico
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A síndrome da anorexia-caquexia é complexa e multifatorial, caraterizada por perda involuntária de peso, depleção dos tecidos muscular e adiposo, anemia, balanço nitrogenado negativo, devido a alterações metabólicas e imunológicas. Esta complicação é muito frequente no doente portador de cancro, intensificada por alterações no metabolismo dos nutrientes (hidratos de carbono, proteínas e lípidos), aumento de citoquinas circulantes (IL-1, IL-6, INF e TNF-α) e alterações hormonais. Apesar do entendimento sobre a caquexia ter crescido muito nos últimos anos, continua a ser uma necessidade médica não atendida. Esta revisão abrange a fisiopatologia, o diagnóstico, a avaliação e o tratamento da caquexia no cancro e tem como objetivo saber se existem alterações no tratamento nutricional e farmacológico, assim como nas ferramentas de rastreio disponíveis para esta síndrome.
The cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome is a frequent complication in patients with malignant neoplasia. Defined as a complex and multifactorial syndrome, characterized by involuntary weight loss, muscle and adipose tissue depletion, anemia, negative nitrogen balance, due to metabolic and immunological changes. This syndrome is intensified by changes in the metabolism of nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids), increase of circulating cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, INF and TNF-α) and hormonal changes. Although understanding about cachexia has grown a lot in recent years, it remains an unmet medical need. This review covers the pathophysiology, diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of cachexia in cancer and aims to control nutritional and pharmacological changes as well as the screening tools available for this syndrome.
The cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome is a frequent complication in patients with malignant neoplasia. Defined as a complex and multifactorial syndrome, characterized by involuntary weight loss, muscle and adipose tissue depletion, anemia, negative nitrogen balance, due to metabolic and immunological changes. This syndrome is intensified by changes in the metabolism of nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids), increase of circulating cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, INF and TNF-α) and hormonal changes. Although understanding about cachexia has grown a lot in recent years, it remains an unmet medical need. This review covers the pathophysiology, diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of cachexia in cancer and aims to control nutritional and pharmacological changes as well as the screening tools available for this syndrome.
Description
Trabalho Complementar apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciada em Ciências da Nutrição
Keywords
Cancro Caquexia Anorexia Nutrição Fisiopatologia Tratamento nutricional Diagnóstico Cancer Cachexia Anorexia Nutrition Pathophysiology Nutritional treatment Diagnosis