Loading...
Publication
Terpenóides com ação antineoplásica
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PPG_19645 | 1.13 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O cancro, benigno ou maligno, engloba um grupo de doenças que partilham alterações na regulação da proliferação celular. No organismo, verificam-se formas de crescimento celular controlada e não controladas. A hiperplasia, a metaplasia e a displasia são exemplos de crescimento controlado, enquanto as neoplasias correspondem às formas de crescimento não controladas, denominadas de “tumores”. Esta patologia é uma das mais temidas da atualidade, sendo a segunda causa de morte a nível mundial, seguida da patologia cardiovascular. De facto, a neoplasia descreve-se como lesão constituída por uma proliferação celular anormal, descontrolada e autónoma, em geral com perda ou redução de diferenciação, em consequência de alterações de genes e de proteínas que regulam a multiplicação e a diferenciação celular.
Atualmente, o tratamento das neoplasias é considerado como um dos problemas mais desafiantes da medicina. Os doentes oncológicos deparam-se com tratamentos moderados e severos, incluindo-se a cirurgia, radioterapia e quimioterapia. Estes tratamentos são usados em conjunto no tratamento das neoplasias malignas, variando apenas quanto à importância de cada uma e ordem da sua indicação. Atualmente, poucas são as neoplasias malignas tratadas com apenas uma modalidade terapêutica, cujos fármacos podem promover efeitos laterais indesejados e limitantes. No entanto, observa-se cada vez mais maior procura em tratamentos alternativos e/ou complementares, nomeadamente os princípios ativos extraídos das espécies vegetais.
Entre estas substâncias bioativas encontra-se o grupo dos terpenóides, compostos químicos resultantes do metabolismo secundário das espécies vegetais e que constituem um grupo de compostos biologicamente ativos com ação antineoplásica.
The cancer, benign or malignant, encompasses a group of diseases that share changes in the regulation of cell proliferation. In the body, controlled and uncontrolled forms of cell growth are present. Hyperplasia, metaplasia and dysplasia are examples of controlled growth, while neoplasms correspond to uncontrolled growth forms, termed "tumors." This pathology is one of the most feared today, being the second cause of death worldwide, followed by cardiovascular pathology. In fact, neoplasia is described as an injury consisting of abnormal, uncontrolled and autonomous cell proliferation, usually with loss or reduction of differentiation, as a result of changes in genes and proteins that regulate cell multiplication and differentiation. Currently, the treatment of neoplasias is considered as one of the most challenging problems of medicine. Cancer patients are faced with moderate and severe treatments, including surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. These treatments are used together in the treatment of malignant neoplasias, varying only as to the importance of each and its order of indication. Currently, few malignancies are treated with only one therapeutic modality, whose drugs may promote undesired and limiting side effects. However, there is an increasing demand for alternative and / or complementary treatments, namely active ingredients extracted from plant species. Among these bioactive substances is the group of terpenoids, chemical compounds resulting from the secondary metabolism of plant species and which constitute a group of biologically active compounds with antineoplastic action.
The cancer, benign or malignant, encompasses a group of diseases that share changes in the regulation of cell proliferation. In the body, controlled and uncontrolled forms of cell growth are present. Hyperplasia, metaplasia and dysplasia are examples of controlled growth, while neoplasms correspond to uncontrolled growth forms, termed "tumors." This pathology is one of the most feared today, being the second cause of death worldwide, followed by cardiovascular pathology. In fact, neoplasia is described as an injury consisting of abnormal, uncontrolled and autonomous cell proliferation, usually with loss or reduction of differentiation, as a result of changes in genes and proteins that regulate cell multiplication and differentiation. Currently, the treatment of neoplasias is considered as one of the most challenging problems of medicine. Cancer patients are faced with moderate and severe treatments, including surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. These treatments are used together in the treatment of malignant neoplasias, varying only as to the importance of each and its order of indication. Currently, few malignancies are treated with only one therapeutic modality, whose drugs may promote undesired and limiting side effects. However, there is an increasing demand for alternative and / or complementary treatments, namely active ingredients extracted from plant species. Among these bioactive substances is the group of terpenoids, chemical compounds resulting from the secondary metabolism of plant species and which constitute a group of biologically active compounds with antineoplastic action.
Description
Keywords
Neoplasias Tumores Terpenóides Atividade antineoplásica Neoplasic diseases Tumors Terpenoids Antineoplasic activity