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Fatores geradores de stress durante o ensino clínico, nos alunos de Enfermagem da Universidade Fernando Pessoa no ano letivo 2017/2018
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 31392 | 1.39 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O ensino da Enfermagem sofreu mudanças significativas desde o início até à atualidade. No início o plano de estudos não era estruturado, existindo maior carga na componente teórica do que na componente prática. Habitualmente os alunos já eram funcionários dos hospitais, que possuíam alguma habilidade para a execução dos tratamentos e as Enfermeiras supervisoras tinham pouca disponibilidade. Os serviços de ensino clínico eram selecionados de acordo com os interesses dos hospitais.
Na atualidade o ensino de Enfermagem tem um plano estruturado, com uma componente teórica e uma componente prática em que cada parte corresponde a metade da totalidade do curso. O local do ensino clínico é selecionado de acordo com os interesses de aprendizagem dos alunos. Os Enfermeiros são profissionais experientes e com disponibilidade para apoiar os alunos.
Durante o ensino clínico os alunos de Enfermagem deparam-se com doentes que se encontram em situações de vulnerabilidade, o que leva a que os alunos tenham receio de fracassar. Esta situação provoca elevados níveis de stress e ansiedade.
Assim quisemos, pesquisar “quais os fatores desencadeadores de stress nos alunos do terceiro e quarto ano da Licenciatura de Enfermagem na Universidade Fernando Pessoa no ano letivo 2017/2018”. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, pois pretende-se fazer uma colheita de dados quantificáveis e descritivo pois pretende-se fazer uma descrição dos dados.
Neste trabalho foi implementado o questionário KEZKAC: instrumento de medida dos fatores de stress dos estudantes de Enfermagem na prática clínica que apresenta aos alunos algumas situações do ensino clínico que podem desencadear stress. Os alunos após analisarem cada situação avaliam em Nada, Algo, Muito ou Muitíssimo, tendo em conta o que foi experienciado em contexto de ensino clínico.
Os resultados obtidos indicam que a situação geradora de maior stress é “Causar dano físico no doente/utente”, os fatores desencadeadores de maior stress são: “Falta de competência”, “Ser magoado na relação com o doente”. Para além disso as situações mais stressantes nos alunos do terceiro ano são “Causar dano físico no doente/utente” e “Confundir a medicação”. A situação mais stressante nos alunos do quarto ano é “A relação com o enfermeiro supervisor da prática clínica”.
The nursing teaching has suffered significant changer since its beginning until nowadays. In the beginning, the study plan wasn’t structured being the theoretical component more intense than the practical one. Usually, students were already employees of the hospital unite, wich had some ability to do treatments and the supervisor nurses had little availability. The clinical teaching services were selected in accordance with the interests of the hospitals. Nowadays, the nursing teaching has a structured plan with theoretical and practical components, so that each part corresponds to half of the course. The local for the clinical teaching is selected in accordance with the preferences of the students. The nurses are professionals with enough experience and availability to support the students. During the clinical teaching, the nursing students will deal with ill people in vulnerable situations, what drives students to be afraid of failing. This causes elevated levels of stress and anxiety. So we aimed to search “Wich are the factors trigging stress in third and forth years of the Nursing degree in Fernando Pessoa Univertity in 2017/2018”. This is a quantitative study, because the goal is to gather measurable data and descriptible data, so that we can describe it. In this study it was implemented the KEZKAC questionary: instrument for measuring stress factors of the nursing students in clinical practice that presents students to some situations of the nursing clinical teaching that can be stress triggers. Students, after analyzing each situation, evaluates in a scale of four levels nothing, some, a lot, too much considering what has been experienced in a clinical teaching context. The results obtained indicate that the situation trigging more stress in “to harm physically a pacient”. The main factors causing stress are “Lack of experience”, “bring harmed in the relationship with pacients”. Besides that, situations that cause more stress in third year students are “harming psysically the pacient” and “confusing medicines” the more stressful situation for forth year students is “The relationship with the supervisor nurse in clinical practice”.
The nursing teaching has suffered significant changer since its beginning until nowadays. In the beginning, the study plan wasn’t structured being the theoretical component more intense than the practical one. Usually, students were already employees of the hospital unite, wich had some ability to do treatments and the supervisor nurses had little availability. The clinical teaching services were selected in accordance with the interests of the hospitals. Nowadays, the nursing teaching has a structured plan with theoretical and practical components, so that each part corresponds to half of the course. The local for the clinical teaching is selected in accordance with the preferences of the students. The nurses are professionals with enough experience and availability to support the students. During the clinical teaching, the nursing students will deal with ill people in vulnerable situations, what drives students to be afraid of failing. This causes elevated levels of stress and anxiety. So we aimed to search “Wich are the factors trigging stress in third and forth years of the Nursing degree in Fernando Pessoa Univertity in 2017/2018”. This is a quantitative study, because the goal is to gather measurable data and descriptible data, so that we can describe it. In this study it was implemented the KEZKAC questionary: instrument for measuring stress factors of the nursing students in clinical practice that presents students to some situations of the nursing clinical teaching that can be stress triggers. Students, after analyzing each situation, evaluates in a scale of four levels nothing, some, a lot, too much considering what has been experienced in a clinical teaching context. The results obtained indicate that the situation trigging more stress in “to harm physically a pacient”. The main factors causing stress are “Lack of experience”, “bring harmed in the relationship with pacients”. Besides that, situations that cause more stress in third year students are “harming psysically the pacient” and “confusing medicines” the more stressful situation for forth year students is “The relationship with the supervisor nurse in clinical practice”.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Enfermagem
Keywords
Stress Alunos da licenciatura de Enfermagem Supervisão clínica Modelos de supervisão clínica Nursing students Clinical supervision Clinical supervision models