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Perceção de crime e de atuação policial entre a população que se move diariamente no centro histórico do Porto
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Abstract(s)
Conhecer a perceção de crime e de atuação policial entre a população que se move diariamente num determinado espaço urbano, revela-se imprescindível no estabelecimento de medidas de prevenção do crime. Neste estudo é elucidado o conceito de crime e aspetos inerentes ao mesmo, questões de policiamento e controlo social, incluindo estratégias locais de segurança. Assim, foi realizado o presente estudo de cariz exploratório, descritivo, transversal, retrospetivo e observacional, obtido por autorrelato. Para a sua execução foi administrado um questionário, designado por Diagnóstico Local de Segurança (DLS)(Sani e Nunes, 2013), pretendendo-se caracterizar e avaliar o sentimento de (in)segurança da população que se move diariamente no Centro Histórico do Porto.
A amostra é composta por 195 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, sendo 42.6% homens e 57.4% mulheres. Os participantes são residentes, trabalhadores ou estudantes naquela área e com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e 87 anos, sendo a média de 42.5 e o desvio-padrão de 17.9. Os resultados evidenciaram uma perceção de segurança da população (70.3%), sustentada sobretudo pela experiência/observação (44.1%). A perceção de que a criminalidade não tem aumentado (43.1%) advém da experiência/observação dos inquiridos, ainda que 14.9% não tem perceção sobre esta questão. Segundo os inquiridos, os crimes mais frequentes são o furto e o tráfico de drogas e os mais temidos o roubo e o furto. Existe uma perceção positiva quanto à ação dos agentes de segurança (54.8%) pela existência de suficiente policiamento, bem como no que toca ao grau de satisfação em relação à atuação dos mesmos (55.4%) pela atuação proactiva/disponibilidade. Deste estudo reforça-se a importância de se ajustar as estratégias de policiamento às necessidades da sociedade.
Knowing the perception of crime and police action among the population that moves daily in a given urban space, proves to be essential in establishing crime prevention measures. In this study, the concept of crime and its inherent aspects of policing and social control, including local security strategies, are elucidated. Thus, the present exploratory, descriptive, transversal, retrospective and observational study, obtained by self -report, was carried out. For its execution a questionnaire, called Local Safety Diagnosis (DLS) (Sani and Nunes, 2013) was administered, aiming to characterize and evaluate the feeling of (in) safety of the population that moves daily in the Historic Center of Porto. The sample is composed of 195 individuals of both sexes, being 42.6% men and 57.4% women. Participants are residents, workers or students in that area and aged between 18 and 87 years, with a mean of 42.5 and a standard deviation of 17.9. The results evidenced a safety perception of the population (70.3%), supported mainly by the experience / observation (44.1%). The perception that crime has not increased (43.1%) comes from the experience / observation of the respondents, although 14.9% do not realize this issue. According to the respondents, the most frequent crimes are theft and drug trafficking and the most feared are robbery and theft. There is a positive perception regarding the action of security agents (54.8%) due to the existence of sufficient policing, as well as the degree of satisfaction with their performance (55.4%) due to proactive action / availability. This study reinforces the importance of adjusting policing strategies to the needs of society.
Knowing the perception of crime and police action among the population that moves daily in a given urban space, proves to be essential in establishing crime prevention measures. In this study, the concept of crime and its inherent aspects of policing and social control, including local security strategies, are elucidated. Thus, the present exploratory, descriptive, transversal, retrospective and observational study, obtained by self -report, was carried out. For its execution a questionnaire, called Local Safety Diagnosis (DLS) (Sani and Nunes, 2013) was administered, aiming to characterize and evaluate the feeling of (in) safety of the population that moves daily in the Historic Center of Porto. The sample is composed of 195 individuals of both sexes, being 42.6% men and 57.4% women. Participants are residents, workers or students in that area and aged between 18 and 87 years, with a mean of 42.5 and a standard deviation of 17.9. The results evidenced a safety perception of the population (70.3%), supported mainly by the experience / observation (44.1%). The perception that crime has not increased (43.1%) comes from the experience / observation of the respondents, although 14.9% do not realize this issue. According to the respondents, the most frequent crimes are theft and drug trafficking and the most feared are robbery and theft. There is a positive perception regarding the action of security agents (54.8%) due to the existence of sufficient policing, as well as the degree of satisfaction with their performance (55.4%) due to proactive action / availability. This study reinforces the importance of adjusting policing strategies to the needs of society.
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Keywords
Crime Segurança Policiamento e diagnóstico local de segurança Crime Security Policing and local security diagnostics