Loading...
Publication
A sobrecarga do cuidador informal da pessoa idosa dependente
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PG_29877 | 724.4 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Atualmente um dos fenómenos demográficos mais significativos é o envelhecimento demográfico da população, nomeadamente a portuguesa, que está a envelhecer e a um ritmo acelerado. O problema não reside no aumento da esperança média de vida, pois é isso que se pretende através do progresso científico, mas sim no facto de nascerem cada vez menos crianças.
O aumento do envelhecimento populacional e o aumento da esperança média de vida trouxeram um conjunto de preocupações e responsabilidades, às famílias e às entidades sociais e da saúde, devido aos cuidados que é necessário prestar às pessoas idosas dependentes.
Os cuidadores informais de doentes dependentes, principalmente familiares, são os principais encarregados da prestação de cuidados, e que sofrem uma grande sobrecarga tanto a nível físico como económico, para além de não receberem qualquer tipo de retribuição económica. A sobrecarga é um conjunto de problemas a nível físico, psicológico e socioeconómico que surge com o decorrer da prestação de cuidados (Cerqueira, 2015).
O principal objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a sobrecarga do cuidador informal da pessoa idosa dependente, no concelho de Santo Tirso, freguesia de Vilarinho e os objetivos específicos são identificar a sobrecarga nas suas dimensões física, emocional, e social.
Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e transversal, tendo-se recorrido para a colheita de dados a um Questionário de Avaliação da Sobrecarga do Cuidador Informal (QASCI) da autoria de Martins et al (2003) e Índice de Barthel de Wadde e Collin (1988), para avaliar a capacidade funcional e a limitação nas ABVD (atividades básicas de vida diária) dos sujeitos alvo dos cuidados. A amostra do estudo foi composta por 30 cuidadores informais de idosos dependentes, de ambos os géneros, residentes no Concelho de Santo Tirso, freguesia de Vilarinho. O processo de amostragem foi não probabilístico por bola de neve. Os resultados obtidos mostram que os cuidadores informais são na maioria do género feminino, tendo uma idade média de idade de 50 anos, apresentando uma sobrecarga total moderada (37,31).
As componentes do instrumento com maior peso são: SF, SE, IVP, ou seja, o CI tende a apresentar maior sobrecarga física, emocional e social sobretudo devido a estes fatores. Relativamente ao objetivo geral a amostra revelou uma sobrecarga moderada.
Com a aplicação do Índice de Barthel verificou-se que cerca de 25% dos idosos são totalmente dependentes, sendo que 5% são severamente dependentes.
Presently one of the most significant demographic phenomena is the demographic aging of the population, namely the Portuguese population, aging and at an accelerated pace. This alarming reality does not originate in the increase of the average life expectancy, which would the desirable result of the scientific progress, but in the fact that fewer and fewer children are being born. By being so, the aging increase of population and the increase in average life expectancy have brought a number of concerns and responsibilities both to families and to social and health entities due to the need for special care among the elderly and dependent people. Informal caregivers of patients who depend mostly on their family members, are the ones who are responsible for most of the care they need and are the ones who go through a huge amount of stress both physically and economically and do not receive any kind of financial compensation. As a result of such intense care delivery comes overburdening, which involves a whole set of problems at the physical, psychological and socioeconomic levels. (Cerqueira, 2015). The overall aim of this study is to evaluate the overburden of the informal caregiver of the dependent elderly, in Santo Tirso municipality, parish of Vilarinho, and more specifically, to identify the existing overburden in their physical, emotional and social dimensions. This is a descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study, and the collection of the necessary data was accomplished with the application of the Informal Caregiver's Overload Assessment Questionnaire (ICOAQ) (Martins et al., 2003), and the Barthel’s Index by Wadde and Collin (1988) was also used to assess the functional capacity and the limitations in BADL (basic activities of daily life) of the target group. The study sample consisted of 30 informal caregivers of elderly dependents of both sexes, living in Santo Tirso municipality, parish of Vilarinho. The sampling process was non-probabilistic by snowball. According to the achieved results, it is possible to conclude that informal caregivers are mostly female, with a mean age of 50 years, presenting a total moderate overburden (37,31%). The components of the instrument with a more significant weight are: SF, SE, IVP, that is, IC tends to present greater physical, emotional and social overburden due mainly to these factors. Regarding the general objective, the sample showed the existence of a moderate overburden. By applying Barthel’s Index, it was possible to confirm that 25% of the elderly people are totally dependent and 5% are even severely dependent.
Presently one of the most significant demographic phenomena is the demographic aging of the population, namely the Portuguese population, aging and at an accelerated pace. This alarming reality does not originate in the increase of the average life expectancy, which would the desirable result of the scientific progress, but in the fact that fewer and fewer children are being born. By being so, the aging increase of population and the increase in average life expectancy have brought a number of concerns and responsibilities both to families and to social and health entities due to the need for special care among the elderly and dependent people. Informal caregivers of patients who depend mostly on their family members, are the ones who are responsible for most of the care they need and are the ones who go through a huge amount of stress both physically and economically and do not receive any kind of financial compensation. As a result of such intense care delivery comes overburdening, which involves a whole set of problems at the physical, psychological and socioeconomic levels. (Cerqueira, 2015). The overall aim of this study is to evaluate the overburden of the informal caregiver of the dependent elderly, in Santo Tirso municipality, parish of Vilarinho, and more specifically, to identify the existing overburden in their physical, emotional and social dimensions. This is a descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study, and the collection of the necessary data was accomplished with the application of the Informal Caregiver's Overload Assessment Questionnaire (ICOAQ) (Martins et al., 2003), and the Barthel’s Index by Wadde and Collin (1988) was also used to assess the functional capacity and the limitations in BADL (basic activities of daily life) of the target group. The study sample consisted of 30 informal caregivers of elderly dependents of both sexes, living in Santo Tirso municipality, parish of Vilarinho. The sampling process was non-probabilistic by snowball. According to the achieved results, it is possible to conclude that informal caregivers are mostly female, with a mean age of 50 years, presenting a total moderate overburden (37,31%). The components of the instrument with a more significant weight are: SF, SE, IVP, that is, IC tends to present greater physical, emotional and social overburden due mainly to these factors. Regarding the general objective, the sample showed the existence of a moderate overburden. By applying Barthel’s Index, it was possible to confirm that 25% of the elderly people are totally dependent and 5% are even severely dependent.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Enfermagem
Keywords
Cuidar Cuidador informal Dependência Idoso Sobrecarga Care Informal Caregiver Dependency Elderly person Overburden