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Publication
Suplementos de cálcio: quem e como
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O cálcio desempenha um papel fundamental na formação óssea, na regulação da contração
muscular, na transmissão de impulsos nervosos e na secreção hormonal. A adequada concentração
deste elemento no organismo é fundamental para a homeostasia em todas as fases da vida do ser
humano. No metabolismo do cálcio, a vitamina D tem um contributo essencial para a absorção deste
mineral e para a sua deposição óssea. De acordo com os valores de Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI),
a quantidade de cálcio que deve ser ingerida diariamente consegue ser obtida através de uma dieta
equilibrada com fontes alimentares ricas em cálcio, como laticínios, hortofrutícolas, leguminosas,
peixe e ovos. Contudo, sempre que tal não se possa verificar, a suplementação é uma alternativa a
considerar. Este artigo de revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo principal indicar os grupos que
poderão necessitar de suplementação e os riscos que o excesso da ingestão de cálcio poderá trazer.
De facto, atualmente a indústria farmacêutica disponibiliza variadas fórmulas farmacêuticas que têm
compostos à base de cálcio como substância ativa, podendo ser usados na prevenção e tratamento
de diversas patologias, que geralmente estão relacionadas com a carência do mesmo na alimentação
diária. Incluem-se aqui suplementos para grupos de risco de insuficiência em cálcio, assim como
fármacos para doenças como osteoporose, raquitismo ou osteomalacia. Os suplementos de cálcio
mais usados são o carbonato de cálcio e o citrato de cálcio. É de notar que existem interações entre
o cálcio e alguns alimentos ou medicamentos.
Calcium plays a key role in bone formation, regulation of muscle contraction, transmission of nerve impulses and hormone secretion. A proper concentration of this element in the body is crucial for homeostasis in all phases of human life. In calcium metabolism, vitamin D presents an essential contribution to the absorption of this mineral and its deposition in bones. According to the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) values, the amount of calcium that should be ingested daily can be achieved through a balanced diet with calcium-rich food sources including fruits and vegetables, milk products, fish and eggs. However, where this cannot be observed, calcium supplementation is an alternative to be considered. This literature review article aims to indicate the groups that may require supplementation and the risk that excessive calcium intake may bring. Currently, the pharmaceutical industry offers several pharmaceutical formulas that have calcium as an active substance and can be used in the prevention and treatment of several pathologies, which are usually related to the lack of calcium ingestion, including osteoporosis, rickets, or osteomalacia. The calcium supplements commonly used are calcium carbonate and calcium citrate. It should be noted that there are interactions between calcium and some foods or medications.
Calcium plays a key role in bone formation, regulation of muscle contraction, transmission of nerve impulses and hormone secretion. A proper concentration of this element in the body is crucial for homeostasis in all phases of human life. In calcium metabolism, vitamin D presents an essential contribution to the absorption of this mineral and its deposition in bones. According to the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) values, the amount of calcium that should be ingested daily can be achieved through a balanced diet with calcium-rich food sources including fruits and vegetables, milk products, fish and eggs. However, where this cannot be observed, calcium supplementation is an alternative to be considered. This literature review article aims to indicate the groups that may require supplementation and the risk that excessive calcium intake may bring. Currently, the pharmaceutical industry offers several pharmaceutical formulas that have calcium as an active substance and can be used in the prevention and treatment of several pathologies, which are usually related to the lack of calcium ingestion, including osteoporosis, rickets, or osteomalacia. The calcium supplements commonly used are calcium carbonate and calcium citrate. It should be noted that there are interactions between calcium and some foods or medications.
Description
Keywords
Cálcio Vitamina D Microminerais Macrominerais Suplementação Osteoporose Raquitismo Osteomalacia Calcium Vitamin D Microminerals Macrominerals Supplementation Osteoporosis Rickets Osteomalacia