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Sobrecarga dos cuidadores informais dos doentes com demência
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| 28849 | 1.04 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O Síndrome demencial é uma condição em que ocorre perda da função cerebral. É um conjunto de sintomas que afetam diretamente a qualidade de vida da pessoa, levando a problemas cognitivos, de memória, raciocínio e afetando, também, a linguagem, o comportamento e alterando a própria personalidade, diminuindo assim capacidade nas atividades básicas de vida diária (ABVD).
A sua prevalência aumenta exponencialmente com o envelhecimento, mas também pode surgir subitamente em indivíduos jovens quando ocorre algum tipo de lesão grave, uma doença que tenha, ou até exposição a substancias toxicas responsáveis pela destruição de células nervosas.
A causa mais comum de demência é a doença de Alzheimer (DA), nos dias de hoje a sua etiologia ainda é um mistério, mas acredita-se que fatores genéticos são importantes. Esta doença causa redução da capacidade cognitiva e destruição de células nervosas.
A maior parte das pessoas portadoras de síndrome demencial vivem no domicílio e são cuidadas por algum membro da família ou amigo que as assistem nas ABVD, são os cuidadores informais. Cuidar de um doente com demência é uma tarefa exigente que envolve situações e experiencias que potenciam alterações na saúde e bem-estar do cuidador informal, pois ao longo do tempo estes cuidados acarretam alterações a nível físico, psicológico ou emocional, social e financeiro que provoca sobrecarga no cuidador informal.
Neste sentido, o objetivo desde trabalho de investigação é estudar a “Sobrecarga no cuidador informal nos doentes com demência”, o modo como esta se manifesta e de que forma a vida do cuidador informal do individuo com demência é afetada por esta mesma sobrecarga.
No sentido de recolher informação sobre a sobrecarga no cuidador informal do doente com demência, desenvolvemos um estudo de revisão bibliográfica com consulta de vários estudos nacionais e internacionais sobre o tema em investigação.
Ao longo do estudo, foi-se verificando que os fatores que mais contribuem para a sobrecarga no cuidador informal são a dependência do individuo e a sua incapacidade física, aumento considerável na carga física diária na prestação das AVD, a falta de apoio de terceiros e de assistência quer psicologicamente quer nas tarefas diárias, falta de tempo próprio e lazer por parte do cuidador informal e problemas financeiros.
Tendo em conta estes fatores principais, os cuidadores informais experienciam uma situação contínua de duplo papel, adaptar-se à situação de doença do individuo e as consequências daí decorrentes na sua vida pessoal.
Dementia syndrome is a condition where there is loss of brain function. It is a set of symptoms that directly affect a person's quality of life, leading to cognitive problems, memory, reasoning and affecting a language, behavior and altering one's personality, thus diminishing the ability to daily life (ABVD). Its prevalence increases exponentially with aging, starting more than 60 years, but it can also arise suddenly when it is presented when it is the type of serious injury, a disease that has lost the exposure of substances toxic to the transmission of nerve cells. The most common cause of dementia is an Alzheimer's disease (AD) these days and its own etiology is still a mystery, but it is believed that genetic factors are important. This disease causes reduced cognitive ability and destruction of nerve cells. Most people with dementia syndrome live without a home and are cared for by a family member or friend who, as they attend the ABVD, are the basic information. Caring for a patient with dementia is a demanding task that involves situations and experiences that potentiate in the health and well-being of the informal caregiver, because over time these cares take place at the physical, psychological or emotional, social and financial level that everything is causes overload in the informal caregiver. In this sense, the objective of the research work is to study the "Overload in the informal caregiver in the patients", the way in which this manifest itself and in what way an informal caregiver's life of the individual with dementia and affected by this same overload. In order to collect information about the overload in the informal caregiver of the patient with stroke, we developed a bibliographic review study with consultation of several national and international studies on the topic under investigation. Throughout the study, it was found that the factors that most contribute to the overload in the informal caregiver are dependence on the individual and their physical incapacity, a considerable increase in the daily physical burden in the provision of ADL, lack of support from third parties and care either psychologically or in daily tasks, lack of proper time and leisure by the informal caregiver and financial problems. Given these key factors, informal caregivers experience a continuing dual role, adapt to the individual's illness situation and the consequences that result in their personal lives.
Dementia syndrome is a condition where there is loss of brain function. It is a set of symptoms that directly affect a person's quality of life, leading to cognitive problems, memory, reasoning and affecting a language, behavior and altering one's personality, thus diminishing the ability to daily life (ABVD). Its prevalence increases exponentially with aging, starting more than 60 years, but it can also arise suddenly when it is presented when it is the type of serious injury, a disease that has lost the exposure of substances toxic to the transmission of nerve cells. The most common cause of dementia is an Alzheimer's disease (AD) these days and its own etiology is still a mystery, but it is believed that genetic factors are important. This disease causes reduced cognitive ability and destruction of nerve cells. Most people with dementia syndrome live without a home and are cared for by a family member or friend who, as they attend the ABVD, are the basic information. Caring for a patient with dementia is a demanding task that involves situations and experiences that potentiate in the health and well-being of the informal caregiver, because over time these cares take place at the physical, psychological or emotional, social and financial level that everything is causes overload in the informal caregiver. In this sense, the objective of the research work is to study the "Overload in the informal caregiver in the patients", the way in which this manifest itself and in what way an informal caregiver's life of the individual with dementia and affected by this same overload. In order to collect information about the overload in the informal caregiver of the patient with stroke, we developed a bibliographic review study with consultation of several national and international studies on the topic under investigation. Throughout the study, it was found that the factors that most contribute to the overload in the informal caregiver are dependence on the individual and their physical incapacity, a considerable increase in the daily physical burden in the provision of ADL, lack of support from third parties and care either psychologically or in daily tasks, lack of proper time and leisure by the informal caregiver and financial problems. Given these key factors, informal caregivers experience a continuing dual role, adapt to the individual's illness situation and the consequences that result in their personal lives.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Enfermagem
Keywords
Sobrecarga Cuidador informal Demência Doença Alzheimer Envelhecimento Overload Informal caregiver Alzheimer disease Aging Dementia