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A prática do yoga Sámkhya nas unidades de ensino especializado e estruturado da ilha da Madeira
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| 6.16 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Com o presente estudo pretende-se criar um conjunto de metodologias que permitam analisar os resultados da prática do Yoga Sámkhya nas crianças com Necessidades Educativas Especiais (NEE) que estão a frequentar as Unidades de Ensino Especializado e Estruturado (UEE/E) integradas nas suas Escolas. Trata-se de um estudo de caso de cariz essencialmente qualitativo, com quinze participantes, que visa compreender quais os benefícios da prática do Yoga Sámkhya em alunos com maiores limitações, nas áreas da psicomotricidade e do conhecimento de si próprio. Os dados foram recolhidos através de grelhas de observação e registo, e de um programa de intervenção. Conclui-se que na área da psicomotricidade, a prática do Yoga melhora o equilíbrio e o tónus muscular. Os praticantes melhoraram na performance com que executaram os exercícios. Os alunos com incapacidades motoras graves, que se deslocam em cadeira de rodas, desenvolveram a sua força e resistência musculares, necessitando para tal, apenas de adaptações nos exercícios de forma a conseguirem executá-los. O estudo da Flexibilidade revelou resultados igualmente positivos. Verificou-se ainda que os alunos que inicialmente tiveram maiores dificuldades nos exercícios da consciência do corpo, foram os que também indicaram ter menor consciência do espaço que os envolvia e da atividade na qual estavam a participar. No que se refere à área do Conhecimento de Si foram avaliadas a evolução nas Competências Pessoais e Sociais, tendo os resultados obtidos revelado que todos os alunos, sem exceção, melhoraram de forma muito significativa, destacando-se: aumento da concentração; melhor gestão das emoções, verificando-se maior controlo perante o surgimento de agitação interna, e havendo maior registo de momentos de serenidade e alegria durante as aulas; melhoria na autoestima; aumento da persistência e dedicação enquanto vivenciavam a aula do Yoga.
Para além dos benefícios estudados diretamente, foram observados progressos que ultrapassaram os objetivos iniciais.
The present study is set to create a set of methodologies that allow analyzing results of the practice of Yoga Sámkhya in children with Special Educational Needs (SEN) who are attending the units of specialized and structured education (U/SSE) incorporated in their schools. This is a case study of an essentially qualitative nature, with 15 participants, which aims to understand the benefits of practising Yoga Sámkhya amongst students with major limitations in psychomotricity and self-knowledge areas. Data were collected through observation and registration grids and according to an intervention programme. It is concluded that in the psychomotricity area, Yoga practice improves balance and muscle tone. Practitioners have improved the performance used to complete the exercises. Students with severe motor disability, moving in a wheel chair, developed strength and muscle resistance, requiring only of exercise adaptations in order to see them through. The study also revealed positive flexibility results. It was also found that students who initially had greater difficulties in body awareness exercises, were the ones who also indicated to have less space awareness that involved them and the activity in which they participated in. Pertaining self-knowledge, the development of personal and social skills were assessed, and the obtained results revealed that all students have improved very significantly, without exception, highlighting: Concentration increase; better emotion management, revealing greater control towards inner agitation, and higher registration of serene and joyful moments during classes; improvement in self-esteem; increased persistence and dedication while experiencing the Yoga lesson. In addition to the benefits directly studied, the observed progress exceeded the initial objectives.
The present study is set to create a set of methodologies that allow analyzing results of the practice of Yoga Sámkhya in children with Special Educational Needs (SEN) who are attending the units of specialized and structured education (U/SSE) incorporated in their schools. This is a case study of an essentially qualitative nature, with 15 participants, which aims to understand the benefits of practising Yoga Sámkhya amongst students with major limitations in psychomotricity and self-knowledge areas. Data were collected through observation and registration grids and according to an intervention programme. It is concluded that in the psychomotricity area, Yoga practice improves balance and muscle tone. Practitioners have improved the performance used to complete the exercises. Students with severe motor disability, moving in a wheel chair, developed strength and muscle resistance, requiring only of exercise adaptations in order to see them through. The study also revealed positive flexibility results. It was also found that students who initially had greater difficulties in body awareness exercises, were the ones who also indicated to have less space awareness that involved them and the activity in which they participated in. Pertaining self-knowledge, the development of personal and social skills were assessed, and the obtained results revealed that all students have improved very significantly, without exception, highlighting: Concentration increase; better emotion management, revealing greater control towards inner agitation, and higher registration of serene and joyful moments during classes; improvement in self-esteem; increased persistence and dedication while experiencing the Yoga lesson. In addition to the benefits directly studied, the observed progress exceeded the initial objectives.
Description
Keywords
Necessidades educativas especiais Incapacidade intelectual Incapacidade motora Perturbação do espectro do autismo Unidades de ensino estruturado e especializado Psicomotricidade Conhecimento de si próprio Yoga Sámkhya Special educational needs Intelectual disability Physical disability Autism spectrum disorder Units of specialized and structured education (U/SSE) Psychomotricity Self-knowledge Yoga Sámkhya