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Publication
Porque é que as bactérias se suicidam
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PPG_12834 | 1.62 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Manter a homeostasia celular não é um processo fácil, contudo, existe um programa
genético que se ocupa desta tarefa, a designada morte celular programada (PCD do
inglês Programmed Cell Death).
A PCD é associada frequentemente á apoptose, no entanto, outras vias foram já
descritas tais como a necroptose, a entose, a autofagia e a piroptose (Cabon et al., 2013).
Os seres multicelulares não são os únicos a realizar este processo, a PCD tem
importantes funções nas bactérias, nomeadamente, facilitar a troca de material genético,
eliminar as mutações de uma população, reduzir o consumo de nutrientes quando
existem poucos recursos e reduzir o risco de infeção viral. É cada vez mais evidente que
as bactérias vivem em comunidades complexas e que de certa forma se assemelham a
um organismo multicelular (Koksharova, 2013).
As bactérias respondem a estímulos na população e são capazes de alterar o padrão da
expressão dos seus genes, por um fenómeno chamado de quorum sensing (QS), que
traduz-se na libertação e deteção de pequenas moléculas que permitem a comunicação
entre os microrganismos inferindo alterações a nível genético, a nível das infeções e a
nível da morte celular programada (Popat et al., 2015). Atendendo a estes fundamentos,
entender esta comunicação entre bactérias e a sua relação com o hospedeiro, a nível
celular e molecular é essencial para identificar novos alvos e desenvolver novas
estratégias para o combate às infeções bacterianas no futuro (Holm e Vikström, 2014).
O objetivo do presente trabalho consiste na revisão bibliográfica acerca dos estudos
realizados sobre o motivo pelo qual ocorre o suicídio bacteriano. Para atingir esta meta
realizar-se-á uma pesquisa bibliográfica em motores de busca e bases de dados da
especialidade.
Maintain cellular homeostasis is not an easy process, however, there is a genetic program that takes care of this task, the designated programmed cell death (PCD English Programmed Cell Death). The PCD is often associated with apoptosis, however, other methods have been described such as necroptosis, entosis, autophagy and pyroptosis (Cabon et al., 2013). The multicellular beings are not the only ones to carry out this process, the PCD have important functions in bacteria, in particular, facilitate the exchange of genetic material, eliminate the changes in a population, reduce the consumption of nutrients when there are few resources and reduce the risk of viral infection. It is increasingly evident that the bacteria live in complex communities and somewhat resembles a multicellular organism (Koksharova, 2013). The bacteria respond to stimuli in the population and are able to change the pattern of expression of the genes, by a phenomenon called quorum sensing (QS), which translates into the release and detection of small molecules that allow communication between inferring microorganisms changes at the genetic level, at the level of infection and cell death (Popat et al., 2015). Given these fundamentals, understand the communication between bacteria and their relationship with the host cell and molecular level is essential to identify new targets and develop new strategies to combat bacterial infections in the future (Holm and Vikström, 2014). The aim of this work is the literature review about the studies on why occurs bacterial suicide. To achieve this goal will be performed a literature search on search engines and specialty databases.
Maintain cellular homeostasis is not an easy process, however, there is a genetic program that takes care of this task, the designated programmed cell death (PCD English Programmed Cell Death). The PCD is often associated with apoptosis, however, other methods have been described such as necroptosis, entosis, autophagy and pyroptosis (Cabon et al., 2013). The multicellular beings are not the only ones to carry out this process, the PCD have important functions in bacteria, in particular, facilitate the exchange of genetic material, eliminate the changes in a population, reduce the consumption of nutrients when there are few resources and reduce the risk of viral infection. It is increasingly evident that the bacteria live in complex communities and somewhat resembles a multicellular organism (Koksharova, 2013). The bacteria respond to stimuli in the population and are able to change the pattern of expression of the genes, by a phenomenon called quorum sensing (QS), which translates into the release and detection of small molecules that allow communication between inferring microorganisms changes at the genetic level, at the level of infection and cell death (Popat et al., 2015). Given these fundamentals, understand the communication between bacteria and their relationship with the host cell and molecular level is essential to identify new targets and develop new strategies to combat bacterial infections in the future (Holm and Vikström, 2014). The aim of this work is the literature review about the studies on why occurs bacterial suicide. To achieve this goal will be performed a literature search on search engines and specialty databases.
Description
Keywords
PCD Apoptose PCD bacteriano Quorum-sensing Interação bactéria-hospedeiro