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Introdução: O tratamento ortodôntico teve avanços significativos nos últimos anos, disponibilizando várias opções para ajudar os pacientes a obter um sorriso estético. Os aparelhos convencionais, o pilar do tratamento ortodôntico durante décadas, envolvem o uso de braquetes e fios de metal para mover gradualmente os dentes para a posição desejada, sendo frequentemente associados a desconforto, restrições alimentares e preocupações estéticas. A introdução dos alinhadores de nova geração revolucionou o tratamento ortodôntico ao oferecer uma alternativa quase invisível, e são apelativos por serem mais estéticos e por ser possível remover durante as refeições e para higiene oral. Apesar da crescente popularidade, ainda é discutida a sua eficiência em comparação aos aparelhos fixos convencionais. É essencial compreender as diferenças entre o tratamento ortodôntico convencional e os alinhadores invisíveis, dado que com avanço da tecnologia, os pacientes e profissionais de medicina dentária necessitam de informações baseadas em evidências para tomar decisões seguras e eficientes.
Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar as evidências disponíveis dos resultados do tratamento ortodôntico com alinhadores invisíveis e aparelhos fixos convencionais, tendo em consideração a eficácia e tempo de tratamento, o conforto e a estabilidade dos resultados. Metodologia: Pesquisa bibliográfica realizada nas bases de dados Pubmed recorrendo a MeSh Terms combinados com os operadores booleanos e focando em estudos publicados entre 2014 e 2024. Os artigos foram selecionados de acordo com critérios de inclusão e exclusão previamente determinados.
Resultados: Relativamente à eficácia do tratamento, a maioria dos estudos verificou que os dois tipos de tratamento são eficazes na correção de diferentes tipos de má oclusão, apresentando resultados comparáveis em termos de alinhamento dentário, melhoria oclusal e taxas de sucesso clínico. Quanto à dor e conforto, a maioria dos estudos indica que os alinhadores transparentes estão associados a níveis mais baixos de dor e maior conforto durante o tratamento, especialmente nas fases iniciais. A duração média do tratamento, vários estudos referem que os alinhadores invisíveis podem permitir tratamentos mais curtos. A maioria dos estudos aponta para um menor número de consultas programadas e de urgência nos pacientes tratados com alinhadores invisíveis. No que respeita à saúde periodontal, os estudos tendem a mostrar melhores resultados nos pacientes com alinhadores invisíveis. Por outro lado, em termos de estética do sorriso e resultados estéticos finais, alguns estudos sugerem uma ligeira vantagem dos aparelhos fixos convencionais, nomeadamente em aspetos como o controlo de movimentos dentários mais complexos. A maioria dos estudos revela uma maior satisfação entre os utilizadores de alinhadores transparentes, sobretudo devido à estética e ao menor desconforto.
Conclusão: Tanto os alinhadores invisíveis como os aparelhos fixos convencionais são eficazes no tratamento de más oclusões, com resultados semelhantes em alinhamento e sucesso clínico. No entanto, os alinhadores invisíveis oferecem maior conforto, menos dor, menor duração do tratamento, menos consultas e melhor saúde periodontal. Já os aparelhos fixos podem ter ligeira vantagem em alguns aspetos estéticos. A satisfação dos pacientes tende a ser maior com os alinhadores invisíveis, principalmente por sua aparência discreta e conforto. A escolha do tratamento deve considerar as necessidades e preferências individuais.
Introduction: Orthodontic treatment has made significant advances in recent years, providing several options to help patients achieve an aesthetic smile. Traditional braces, the mainstay of orthodontic treatment for decades, involve the use of metal brackets and wires to gradually move teeth into the desired position and are often associated with discomfort, dietary restrictions, and aesthetic concerns. The introduction of new generation aligners has revolutionized orthodontic treatment by offering a nearly invisible alternative and are attractive because they are more aesthetically pleasing and can be removed during meals and for oral hygiene. Despite their growing popularity, their effectiveness compared to conventional fixed braces is still debated. It is essential to understand the differences between conventional orthodontic treatment and invisible aligners, as technology advances, patients and dental professionals need evidence-based information to make safe and efficient decisions. Objective: To evaluate and compare the available evidence on the results of orthodontic treatment with invisible aligners and conventional fixed appliances, taking into account the efficacy and treatment time, comfort and stability of the results. Methodology: A literature search was carried out in the Pubmed databases using MeSH Terms combined with Boolean operators and focusing on studies published between 2014 and 2024. The articles were selected according to previously determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Regarding the efficacy of the treatment, most studies found that both types of treatment are effective in correcting different types of malocclusions, presenting comparable results in terms of dental alignment, occlusal improvement and clinical success rates. Regarding pain and comfort, most studies indicate that clear aligners are associated with lower levels of pain and greater comfort during treatment, especially in the early stages. Regarding the average duration of treatment, several studies report that invisible aligners may allow shorter treatments. Most studies indicate a lower number of scheduled and emergency appointments in patients treated with invisible aligners. Regarding periodontal health, studies tend to show better results in patients with invisible aligners. On the other hand, in terms of smile aesthetics and final aesthetic results, some studies suggest a slight advantage of conventional fixed appliances, particularly in aspects such as control of more complex tooth movements. Most studies reveal greater satisfaction among users of transparent aligners, mainly due to aesthetics and less discomfort. Conclusion: Both invisible aligners and conventional fixed appliances are effective in treating malocclusions, with similar results in alignment and clinical success. However, invisible aligners offer greater comfort, less pain, shorter treatment duration, fewer appointments, and better periodontal health. Fixed appliances, on the other hand, may have a slight advantage in some aesthetic aspects. Patient satisfaction tends to be greater with invisible aligners, mainly due to their discreet appearance and comfort. The choice of treatment should consider individual needs and preferences.
Introduction: Orthodontic treatment has made significant advances in recent years, providing several options to help patients achieve an aesthetic smile. Traditional braces, the mainstay of orthodontic treatment for decades, involve the use of metal brackets and wires to gradually move teeth into the desired position and are often associated with discomfort, dietary restrictions, and aesthetic concerns. The introduction of new generation aligners has revolutionized orthodontic treatment by offering a nearly invisible alternative and are attractive because they are more aesthetically pleasing and can be removed during meals and for oral hygiene. Despite their growing popularity, their effectiveness compared to conventional fixed braces is still debated. It is essential to understand the differences between conventional orthodontic treatment and invisible aligners, as technology advances, patients and dental professionals need evidence-based information to make safe and efficient decisions. Objective: To evaluate and compare the available evidence on the results of orthodontic treatment with invisible aligners and conventional fixed appliances, taking into account the efficacy and treatment time, comfort and stability of the results. Methodology: A literature search was carried out in the Pubmed databases using MeSH Terms combined with Boolean operators and focusing on studies published between 2014 and 2024. The articles were selected according to previously determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Regarding the efficacy of the treatment, most studies found that both types of treatment are effective in correcting different types of malocclusions, presenting comparable results in terms of dental alignment, occlusal improvement and clinical success rates. Regarding pain and comfort, most studies indicate that clear aligners are associated with lower levels of pain and greater comfort during treatment, especially in the early stages. Regarding the average duration of treatment, several studies report that invisible aligners may allow shorter treatments. Most studies indicate a lower number of scheduled and emergency appointments in patients treated with invisible aligners. Regarding periodontal health, studies tend to show better results in patients with invisible aligners. On the other hand, in terms of smile aesthetics and final aesthetic results, some studies suggest a slight advantage of conventional fixed appliances, particularly in aspects such as control of more complex tooth movements. Most studies reveal greater satisfaction among users of transparent aligners, mainly due to aesthetics and less discomfort. Conclusion: Both invisible aligners and conventional fixed appliances are effective in treating malocclusions, with similar results in alignment and clinical success. However, invisible aligners offer greater comfort, less pain, shorter treatment duration, fewer appointments, and better periodontal health. Fixed appliances, on the other hand, may have a slight advantage in some aesthetic aspects. Patient satisfaction tends to be greater with invisible aligners, mainly due to their discreet appearance and comfort. The choice of treatment should consider individual needs and preferences.
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Palavras-chave
Aparelho fixo Alinhadores invisíveis Tratamento ortodôntico Eficácia do tratamento Dor Satisfação do paciente Fixed appliance Invisible aligners Orthodontic treatment Treatment effectiveness Pain Patient satisfaction