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A utilização de anestésicos no atendimento clínico médico-dentário de crianças em Itália: estudo transversal
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Introdução: A anestesia local desempenha um papel fundamental na prática da medicina dentária, especialmente no atendimento de crianças e adolescentes, nos quais o controlo da dor e da ansiedade é essencial para o sucesso clínico e para a prevenção de experiências traumáticas futuras. Apesar da sua importância, as práticas clínicas relacionadas com a administração de anestesia local em pacientes pediátricos podem variar amplamente em função da formação, experiência e preferências dos profissionais. Objetivo: Avaliar a prática clínica de médicos dentistas que atuam em Itália no que diz respeito à utilização de anestesia local em crianças e adolescentes, identificando os tipos de anestésico mais utilizados, as técnicas preferenciais de administração, os principais desafios enfrentados e a perceção dos profissionais quanto à sua própria competência nesta área.
Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal baseado num questionário online. O inquérito abordou aspetos demográficos, frequência de atendimento pediátrico, critérios para administração de anestesia local, tipo e forma de anestésico utilizado, técnicas aplicadas, tempo médio de administração, desafios percebidos e estratégias para a gestão da ansiedade infantil.
Resultados: A amostra esteve constituída por 152 médicos dentistas, tendo a maioria dos participantes relatado utilizar anestesia local de forma seletiva (45,4%) ou frequente (40,8%), sendo a ansiedade da criança o principal desafio apontado (73,7%). A lidocaína foi o anestésico mais utilizado (59,2%), seguida da articaína, e a técnica infiltrativa foi a preferida (85,5%). A anestesia tópica, maioritariamente em gel, foi amplamente adotada (79,6%). A maioria dos dentistas afirmou sentir-se confortável com a administração de anestesia local em crianças (89,5%) e valorizou cursos de atualização como principal recurso de formação contínua (86,2%).
Conclusão: Os resultados evidenciam uma prática clínica geralmente segura e adaptada ao contexto pediátrico, embora ainda existam lacunas importantes relacionadas com a padronização das técnicas, cálculo da dose anestésica e formação específica em odontopediatria. Estratégias educativas direcionadas e maior adesão às diretrizes clínicas internacionais podem contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade e segurança do atendimento médico-dentário infantil.
Introduction: Local anesthesia plays a fundamental role in the practice of dentistry, especially in the care of children and adolescents, in whom pain and anxiety control are essential for clinical success and for the prevention of future traumatic experiences. Despite its importance, clinical practices related to the administration of local anesthesia in pediatric patients can vary widely depending on the training, experience and preferences of the professionals. Objective: To evaluate the clinical practice of dentists working in Italy regarding the use of local anesthesia in children and adolescents, identifying the most commonly used types of anesthetic, preferred administration techniques, main challenges faced and the professionals’ perception of their own competence in this area. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study based on an online questionnaire was conducted. The survey addressed demographic aspects, frequency of pediatric care, criteria for administration of local anesthesia, type and form of anesthetic used, techniques applied, average administration time, perceived challenges and strategies for managing childhood anxiety. Results: The sample consisted of 152 dentists, with most participants reporting using local anesthesia selectively (45.4%) or frequently (40.8%), with children's anxiety being the main challenge (73.7%). Lidocaine was the most commonly used anesthetic (59.2%), followed by articaine, and the infiltration technique was the preferred one (85.5%). Topical anesthesia, mostly in gel form, was widely adopted (79.6%). Most dentists stated that they felt comfortable administering local anesthesia to children (89.5%) and valued refresher courses as the main resource for continuing education (86.2%). Conclusion: The results show that clinical practice is generally safe and adapted to the pediatric context, although there are still important gaps related to the standardization of techniques, calculation of anesthetic dose and specific training in pediatric dentistry. Targeted educational strategies and greater adherence to international clinical guidelines can contribute to improving the quality and safety of pediatric dental care.
Introduction: Local anesthesia plays a fundamental role in the practice of dentistry, especially in the care of children and adolescents, in whom pain and anxiety control are essential for clinical success and for the prevention of future traumatic experiences. Despite its importance, clinical practices related to the administration of local anesthesia in pediatric patients can vary widely depending on the training, experience and preferences of the professionals. Objective: To evaluate the clinical practice of dentists working in Italy regarding the use of local anesthesia in children and adolescents, identifying the most commonly used types of anesthetic, preferred administration techniques, main challenges faced and the professionals’ perception of their own competence in this area. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study based on an online questionnaire was conducted. The survey addressed demographic aspects, frequency of pediatric care, criteria for administration of local anesthesia, type and form of anesthetic used, techniques applied, average administration time, perceived challenges and strategies for managing childhood anxiety. Results: The sample consisted of 152 dentists, with most participants reporting using local anesthesia selectively (45.4%) or frequently (40.8%), with children's anxiety being the main challenge (73.7%). Lidocaine was the most commonly used anesthetic (59.2%), followed by articaine, and the infiltration technique was the preferred one (85.5%). Topical anesthesia, mostly in gel form, was widely adopted (79.6%). Most dentists stated that they felt comfortable administering local anesthesia to children (89.5%) and valued refresher courses as the main resource for continuing education (86.2%). Conclusion: The results show that clinical practice is generally safe and adapted to the pediatric context, although there are still important gaps related to the standardization of techniques, calculation of anesthetic dose and specific training in pediatric dentistry. Targeted educational strategies and greater adherence to international clinical guidelines can contribute to improving the quality and safety of pediatric dental care.
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Anestesia Odontopediatria Práticas clínicas Comparativo internacional Saúde pública Anesthesia Pediatric dentistry Clinical practices International comparison Public health