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Prevalência de lesões músculo-esqueléticas nos médicos dentistas: estudo observacional
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A prática da medicina dentária exige frequentemente posturas inadequadas e movimentos repetitivos, que são fatores que aumentam o risco de lesões músculo-esqueléticos. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a prevalência de lesões músculo-esqueléticas entre os médicos dentistas em Portugal, identificando as suas características individuais e profissionais. O presente estudo é um estudo observacional de natureza transversal, com uma amostra de 193 médicos dentistas portugueses, com uma idade média de 43.54 anos, que exercem a sua profissão principalmente no Porto (50.80%), Braga (13.50%) e Lisboa (11.90%). A recolha de dados ocorreu entre novembro de 2024 e março de 2025, utilizando um questionário online que incluía informações sociodemográficas, hábitos de atividade física e o questionário nórdico músculo-esquelético validado para a população portuguesa. Os resultados mostraram que nos últimos 12 meses, as regiões do corpo mais afetadas foram o pescoço (65.30%), a lombar (60.10%), os ombros (58.50%) e os punhos/mãos (42.50%). Nos últimos 7 dias, estas áreas mantiveram-se como as mais afetadas, com prevalências de 28.80%, 22.30%, 23.80% e 17.10% respetivamente. A maioria dos participantes relatou intensidade de dor moderada, com destaque de queixas de maior dor no pescoço. Cerca de 45% dos médicos dentistas inquiridos referiram já ter sofrido algum tipo de lesão relacionada com a prática profissional, sendo a tendinite a condição mais reportada. A análise revelou ainda que, fatores como o tempo prolongado em posturas estáticas, a inadequação do mobiliário e a falta de pausas durante o trabalho podem contribuir para a ocorrência destas lesões. Apesar da elevada prevalência de sintomas, uma proporção significativa dos participantes declarou não adotar medidas preventivas adequadas. Conclui-se que a maioria dos inquiridos reportou problemas, sendo necessária a implementação estratégias fundamentais como a adoção de práticas ergonómicas, promoção de exercícios e a adequação do ambiente de trabalho para prevenir lesões e garantir a saúde ocupacional.
The practice of dentistry often requires awkward postures and repetitive movements, which are factors that increase the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among dentists in Portugal, identifying their individual and professional characteristics. The present study is an observational cross-sectional study, with a sample of 193 Portuguese dentists, with an average age of 43.54 years, practicing mainly in Porto (50.80%), Braga (13.50%), and Lisbon (11.90%). Data collection took place between November 2024 and March 2025 through an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic information, physical activity habits, and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire validated for the Portuguese population. The results showed that in the past 12 months, the most affected body regions were the neck (65.30%), lower back (60.10%), shoulders (58.50%), and wrists/hands (42.50%). In the last 7 days, these areas remained the most affected, with prevalences of 28.80%, 22.30%, 23.80%, and 17.10% respectively. Most participants reported moderate pain intensity, with the neck being the most commonly reported site of severe pain. About 45% of the dentists surveyed reported having suffered some type of injury related to professional practice, with tendinitis being the most frequently reported condition. The analysis also revealed that factors such as prolonged time in static postures, inadequate furniture, and lack of breaks during work may contribute to the occurrence of these injuries. Despite the high prevalence of symptoms, a significant proportion of participants reported not adopting adequate preventive measures. It is concluded that most respondents reported issues, highlighting the need for the implementation of essential strategies such as the adoption of ergonomic practices, promotion of physical exercises, and the adjustment of the work environment to prevent injuries and ensure occupational health.
The practice of dentistry often requires awkward postures and repetitive movements, which are factors that increase the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among dentists in Portugal, identifying their individual and professional characteristics. The present study is an observational cross-sectional study, with a sample of 193 Portuguese dentists, with an average age of 43.54 years, practicing mainly in Porto (50.80%), Braga (13.50%), and Lisbon (11.90%). Data collection took place between November 2024 and March 2025 through an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic information, physical activity habits, and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire validated for the Portuguese population. The results showed that in the past 12 months, the most affected body regions were the neck (65.30%), lower back (60.10%), shoulders (58.50%), and wrists/hands (42.50%). In the last 7 days, these areas remained the most affected, with prevalences of 28.80%, 22.30%, 23.80%, and 17.10% respectively. Most participants reported moderate pain intensity, with the neck being the most commonly reported site of severe pain. About 45% of the dentists surveyed reported having suffered some type of injury related to professional practice, with tendinitis being the most frequently reported condition. The analysis also revealed that factors such as prolonged time in static postures, inadequate furniture, and lack of breaks during work may contribute to the occurrence of these injuries. Despite the high prevalence of symptoms, a significant proportion of participants reported not adopting adequate preventive measures. It is concluded that most respondents reported issues, highlighting the need for the implementation of essential strategies such as the adoption of ergonomic practices, promotion of physical exercises, and the adjustment of the work environment to prevent injuries and ensure occupational health.
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Médico dentista Lesões músculo-esqueléticas Distúrbios músculo-esqueléticos Ergonomia Dentist Musculoskeletal injuries Musculoskeletal disorders Ergonomics