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Publication
Longevidade e saúde oral comunitária: intervenção em odontogeriatria no Grande Porto
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| Projeto de pós-graduação_39712 | 2.38 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
Objetivos: Este estudo teve como objetivo principal caracterizar o estado de saúde oral e a sua autoperceção numa população idosa do Centro Social Paroquial Nossa Senhora da Boavista, no Grande Porto. Adicionalmente, investigou-se a associação entre a condição de saúde oral, medida pelo índice de CPO-D, índice de placa de O’Leary, e a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde oral avaliada através do questionário OHIP-14. A pesquisa procurou identificar padrões que pudessem apoiar intervenções futuras para melhorar a qualidade de vida desta população.
Materiais e Métodos: A amostra incluiu 21 participantes idosos, de ambos os sexos, utentes do Centro Social Paroquial Nossa Senhora da Boavista. Os dados foram recolhidos através de uma abordagem estruturada que compreendeu a aplicação de questionários sobre hábitos de higiene oral, avaliações clínicas para determinar o índice CPO-D e o índice de placa bacteriana (O’Leary), além do uso do OHIP-14 para avaliar o impacto da saúde oral na qualidade de vida. As análises estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais foram conduzidas com o uso do software SPSS, aplicando testes não paramétricos para explorar associações entre as variáveis e identificar correlações significativas.
Resultados: Os resultados indicaram que a maioria dos participantes apresentava condições de saúde oral comprometidas, com altos índices de cáries e acúmulo de placa bacteriana. Cerca de 66,7% dos idosos relataram não realizar escovagem regular dos dentes, e os dados clínicos mostraram uma média elevada no índice de CPO-D (26,43) e no índice de O’Leary (64,93), refletindo uma alta prevalência de problemas orais. Uma correlação estatisticamente significativa foi observada entre a quantidade de placa e o índice CPO-D (rs=0,498; p=0,022), sugerindo que maus hábitos de higiene oral estão associados a uma maior deterioração dentária. Adicionalmente, constatou-se que participantes com piores condições de saúde oral relataram impactos negativos mais pronunciados na qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde oral, especialmente em termos de dor física e desconforto psicológico, como indicado pelas pontuações mais elevadas no OHIP-14.
Conclusão: Os achados deste estudo destacam a importância de implementar estratégias preventivas e educativas para promover melhores práticas de higiene oral entre a comunidade geriátrica, especialmente os institucionalizados. Recomenda-se o desenvolvimento de programas educativos e de formação para cuidadores, bem como a facilitação do acesso a cuidados dentários regulares, a fim de reduzir a incidência de cáries e acúmulo de placa bacteriana. A presença de profissionais de saúde oral em centros de dia e/ou lares de idosos pode desempenhar um papel crucial na manutenção de boas práticas de higiene oral e na prevenção de complicações graves, melhorando a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde oral e contribuindo para um envelhecimento saudável. Além disso, os participantes expressaram um elevado grau de satisfação com as intervenções realizadas e indicaram o desejo de continuidade, demonstrando a relevância e o impacto positivo das ações implementadas neste projeto.
Objectives: The main objective of this study was to characterize oral health status and self-perception in an elderly population from the Centro Social Paroquial Nossa Senhora da Boavista, in Greater Porto. In addition, the association between oral health status, as measured by the DMFT index and the O'Leary plaque index, and oral health-related quality of life, as assessed by the OHIP-14 questionnaire, was investigated. The research sought to identify patterns that could support future interventions to improve the quality of life of this population. Materials and Methods: The sample included 21 elderly participants, of both sexes, users of the Centro Social Paroquial Nossa Senhora da Boavista. Data was collected using a structured approach that included questionnaires on oral hygiene habits, clinical assessments to determine the DMFT index and the plaque index (O'Leary), and the use of the OHIP-14 to assess the impact of oral health on quality of life. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software, applying non-parametric tests to explore associations between variables and identify significant correlations. Results: The results indicated that the majority of participants had compromised oral health conditions, with high rates of caries and plaque accumulation. Around 66.7% of the elderly reported not brushing their teeth regularly, and the clinical data showed a high average DMFT index (26.43) and O'Leary index (64.93), reflecting a high prevalence of oral problems. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the amount of plaque and the DMFT index (rs=0.498; p=0.022), suggesting that poor oral hygiene habits are associated with greater dental deterioration. Additionally, it was found that participants with worse oral health conditions reported more pronounced negative impacts on oral health-related quality of life, especially in terms of physical pain and psychological discomfort, as indicated by higher OHIP-14 scores. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the importance of implementing preventive and educational strategies to promote better oral hygiene practices among the geriatric community, especially the institutionalized. The development of educational and training programs for caregivers is recommended, as well as facilitating access to regular dental care in order to reduce the incidence of caries and plaque accumulation. The presence of oral health professionals in day care centers and/or nursing homes can play a crucial role in maintaining good oral hygiene practices and preventing serious complications, improving oral health-related quality of life and contributing to healthy aging. In addition, the participants expressed a high degree of satisfaction with the interventions carried out and indicated a desire to continue, demonstrating the relevance and positive impact of the actions implemented in this project.
Objectives: The main objective of this study was to characterize oral health status and self-perception in an elderly population from the Centro Social Paroquial Nossa Senhora da Boavista, in Greater Porto. In addition, the association between oral health status, as measured by the DMFT index and the O'Leary plaque index, and oral health-related quality of life, as assessed by the OHIP-14 questionnaire, was investigated. The research sought to identify patterns that could support future interventions to improve the quality of life of this population. Materials and Methods: The sample included 21 elderly participants, of both sexes, users of the Centro Social Paroquial Nossa Senhora da Boavista. Data was collected using a structured approach that included questionnaires on oral hygiene habits, clinical assessments to determine the DMFT index and the plaque index (O'Leary), and the use of the OHIP-14 to assess the impact of oral health on quality of life. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software, applying non-parametric tests to explore associations between variables and identify significant correlations. Results: The results indicated that the majority of participants had compromised oral health conditions, with high rates of caries and plaque accumulation. Around 66.7% of the elderly reported not brushing their teeth regularly, and the clinical data showed a high average DMFT index (26.43) and O'Leary index (64.93), reflecting a high prevalence of oral problems. A statistically significant correlation was observed between the amount of plaque and the DMFT index (rs=0.498; p=0.022), suggesting that poor oral hygiene habits are associated with greater dental deterioration. Additionally, it was found that participants with worse oral health conditions reported more pronounced negative impacts on oral health-related quality of life, especially in terms of physical pain and psychological discomfort, as indicated by higher OHIP-14 scores. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the importance of implementing preventive and educational strategies to promote better oral hygiene practices among the geriatric community, especially the institutionalized. The development of educational and training programs for caregivers is recommended, as well as facilitating access to regular dental care in order to reduce the incidence of caries and plaque accumulation. The presence of oral health professionals in day care centers and/or nursing homes can play a crucial role in maintaining good oral hygiene practices and preventing serious complications, improving oral health-related quality of life and contributing to healthy aging. In addition, the participants expressed a high degree of satisfaction with the interventions carried out and indicated a desire to continue, demonstrating the relevance and positive impact of the actions implemented in this project.
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Keywords
Odontogeriatria Saúde oral Envelhecimento Qualidade de vida Longevidade Saúde oral comunitária Odontogeriatrics Oral health Ageing Quality of life Longevity Community oral health