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Metais pesados no leite e produtos lácteos: segurança e análise
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
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| Projeto de pós-graduação_42315 | 1.11 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O leite e os produtos lácteos desempenham um papel fundamental na dieta humana, fornecendo nutrientes valiosos (proteínas, cálcio, vitaminas, entre outros) e contribuindo para a saúde em geral.
No entanto, nas últimas décadas, a significativa contaminação do solo, da água e do ar, em consequência do aumento da população e da expansão industrial e agrícola, conduziu à presença de vários tipos de contaminantes nestes produtos o que suscita uma preocupação crescente devido aos potenciais riscos para a saúde pública.
Os metais pesados, como o chumbo, o cádmio, o mercúrio e o arsénio, são alguns desses contaminantes. Provenientes de fontes naturais e antropogénicas, podem entrar na cadeia alimentar e estar presente no leite e derivados com eventuais consequências para a saúde, particularmente quando há exposição durante períodos prolongados. Os efeitos vão desde distúrbios neurológicos e de desenvolvimento nas crianças até ao aumento do risco de problemas oncológicos e lesões orgânicas nos adultos.
Com este trabalho de revisão bibliográfica pretende-se fornecer uma visão geral e atualizada sobre a presença de metais pesados no leite e produtos lácteos, dando ênfase à segurança desses alimentos e à importância da sua contínua monitorização, com o desenvolvimento de técnicas de análise para a deteção destes contaminates. São abordados os principais métodos de análise destas espécies, incluindo técnicas analíticas avançadas, como a espetroscopia de absorção atómica, a espetroscopia de emissão ótica acoplada a plasma indutivo e a espetrometria de massa acoplada a plasma indutivo, métodos que permitem a quantificação destas espécies a níveis vestigiais salvaguardando, em última análise, a saúde e o bem-estar dos consumidores.
Milk and dairy products play a fundamental role in the human diet, providing valuable nutrients (protein, calcium, vitamins, among others) and contributing to general health. However, the significant contamination of soil, water and air in recent decades, as a result of population growth and industrial and agricultural expansion, has led to the presence of several types of contaminants in these products, which raised an increasing concern due to the potential risks they pose to public health. Heavy metals, such as lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic, are some of these contaminants. Coming from natural and anthropogenic sources, they can enter the food chain and be present in milk and dairy products with possible health risks, particularly when there is prolonged exposure. The effects range from neurological and developmental disorders in children to an increased risk of oncological problems and organic damage in adults. This literature review aims to provide a general and updated view of the presence of heavy metals in milk and dairy products, emphasizing the safety of these foods and the importance of their continuous monitoring with the development of analytical methods for detection of these contaminants. The main methods of analysis of these species are discussed, including advanced analytical techniques, such as atomic absorption spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, methods that allow the quantification of these species at trace levels, ultimately safeguarding the health and well-being of consumers.
Milk and dairy products play a fundamental role in the human diet, providing valuable nutrients (protein, calcium, vitamins, among others) and contributing to general health. However, the significant contamination of soil, water and air in recent decades, as a result of population growth and industrial and agricultural expansion, has led to the presence of several types of contaminants in these products, which raised an increasing concern due to the potential risks they pose to public health. Heavy metals, such as lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic, are some of these contaminants. Coming from natural and anthropogenic sources, they can enter the food chain and be present in milk and dairy products with possible health risks, particularly when there is prolonged exposure. The effects range from neurological and developmental disorders in children to an increased risk of oncological problems and organic damage in adults. This literature review aims to provide a general and updated view of the presence of heavy metals in milk and dairy products, emphasizing the safety of these foods and the importance of their continuous monitoring with the development of analytical methods for detection of these contaminants. The main methods of analysis of these species are discussed, including advanced analytical techniques, such as atomic absorption spectroscopy, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, methods that allow the quantification of these species at trace levels, ultimately safeguarding the health and well-being of consumers.
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Keywords
Leite Produtos lácteos Metais pesados Segurança Deteção Milk Dairy products Heavy metals Safety Detection