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A guerra da Ucrânia e a sua influência na geopolítica europeia
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| Projeto de graduação_2022110628 | 431.61 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O presente projeto analisa a guerra da Ucrânia, que teve início em fevereiro de 2022, e a influência que esta exerceu na geopolítica europeia, adotando uma abordagem que associa elementos históricos, estratégicos, energéticos e económicos. Na primeira parte do trabalho é traçado um enquadramento histórico do conflito, desde a origem do reino medieval Rus de Kyiv, olhando para o período soviético para o processo de sovietização e pela ocorrência do Holodomor, até à assinatura e posterior rotura do Acordo de Budapeste. Posteriormente é abordado os elementos que fomentaram o aumento de tensões entre a Rússia e a Ucrânia, como a ocorrência do EuroMaidan, a anexação russa da Crimeia e o início do conflito em Donetsk e Lugansk. Na segunda parte, analisa-se a influência direta que o conflito exerceu na geopolítica europeia. É discutido o peso geoestratégico que a Ucrânia detém no cenário europeu, a reestruturação e reforço da OTAN, bem como a alteração da visão europeia quanto à aliança, à segurança e à necessidade de investimento no setor da defesa. Examina ainda a reorientação da política energética da união, fruto da forte dependência da importação energética russa, os seus impactos económicos no bloco europeu, nomeadamente na repercussão inflacionista e no impacto do consumo dos cidadãos europeus. Após esta análise, é possível concluir-se que o conflito não só expôs vulnerabilidades estruturantes da Europa, como igualmente acelerou a sua reconfiguração, dando a entender a necessidade imperativa de reforçar a sua autonomia nos mais diversos setores.
This project analyses the war in Ukraine, which began in February 2022, and the influence it had on European geopolitics, adopting an approach that combines historical, strategic, energy and economic elements. The first part of the work outlines a historical framework of the conflict, from the origin of the medieval kingdom of Kievan Rus, looking at the Soviet period for the process of Sovietization and the occurrence of the Holodomor, until the signing and subsequent rupture of the Budapest Agreement. Subsequently, the elements that fostered the increase in tensions between Russia and Ukraine are addressed, such as the occurrence of EuroMaidan, the Russian annexation of Crimea and the beginning of the conflict in Donetsk and Lugansk. The second part analyzes the direct influence that the conflict had on European geopolitics. The geostrategic weight that Ukraine holds in the European scenario, the restructuring and strengthening of NATO, as well as the change in the European vision regarding the alliance, security and the need for investment in the defense sector are discussed. It also examines the reorientation of the Union’s energy policy, resulting from the strong dependence on Russian energy imports, and its economic impacts on the European bloc, particularly in terms of inflationary repercussions and the impact on consumption by European citizens. After this analysis, it is possible to conclude that the conflict not only exposed Europe’s structural vulnerabilities, but also accelerated its reconfiguration, suggesting the imperative need to strengthen its autonomy in the most diverse sectors.
This project analyses the war in Ukraine, which began in February 2022, and the influence it had on European geopolitics, adopting an approach that combines historical, strategic, energy and economic elements. The first part of the work outlines a historical framework of the conflict, from the origin of the medieval kingdom of Kievan Rus, looking at the Soviet period for the process of Sovietization and the occurrence of the Holodomor, until the signing and subsequent rupture of the Budapest Agreement. Subsequently, the elements that fostered the increase in tensions between Russia and Ukraine are addressed, such as the occurrence of EuroMaidan, the Russian annexation of Crimea and the beginning of the conflict in Donetsk and Lugansk. The second part analyzes the direct influence that the conflict had on European geopolitics. The geostrategic weight that Ukraine holds in the European scenario, the restructuring and strengthening of NATO, as well as the change in the European vision regarding the alliance, security and the need for investment in the defense sector are discussed. It also examines the reorientation of the Union’s energy policy, resulting from the strong dependence on Russian energy imports, and its economic impacts on the European bloc, particularly in terms of inflationary repercussions and the impact on consumption by European citizens. After this analysis, it is possible to conclude that the conflict not only exposed Europe’s structural vulnerabilities, but also accelerated its reconfiguration, suggesting the imperative need to strengthen its autonomy in the most diverse sectors.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais.
Keywords
Rússia Guerra da Ucrânia URSS Guerra Geopolítica europeia OTAN Russia Ukrainian war War European geopolitics NATO
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Publisher
[s.n.]