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(Re)contextualizando o homicídio: a perspetiva da criminologia ambiental
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Abstract(s)
A maioria das teorias criminológicas tendem a centrar-se nos intervenientes do processo
criminal (ofensor e vítima), procurando identificar e estudar as suas características
biopsicossociais que os conduzem ou predispõe ao crime e vitimização. Contudo, temse
ignorado o estudo das variáveis situacionais, espaciais e geográficas, o que por sua
vez tem impossibilitado a compreensão holística do processo de comissão do crime. Na
parte teórica, este projeto propõe olhar o crime de homicídio através do paradigma da
criminologia ambiental, partindo de perspetivas teóricas como a teoria dos padrões
criminais, da escolha racional, das atividades rotineiras, assim como o comportamento
predatório. Na parte prática, propõe-se identificar diferentes padrões no que concerne ao
processo de comissão criminal no seio de uma amostra de homicidas portugueses,
nomeadamente ao nível do modus operandi, do comportamento predatório, e da tomada
de decisão geográfica. Estudos deste género têm o potencial de melhorar a compreensão
do processo criminal, bem como auxiliar a que técnicas de investigação criminal como o
profiling (psicológico e geográfico) sejam refinadas.
The great majority of criminological theories aim at studying the actors of the criminal process (offender and victim), seeking to identify their biological, psychological, and sociological characteristics that drive or predispose them to crime and victimization. However, the situational, spatial, and geographical variables have been systematically neglected, thus tainting our understanding of the crime commission process in a comprehensive manner. In the theoretical part of this project, we propose the study of the crime of homicide under the environmental criminology paradigm. To do so, several perspectives are listed, such as the crime pattern theory, the rational choice approach, the routine activities theory, as well as the concept of hunting behavior and Rossmo’s typology. In the empiric part of this project, we propose to identify different patterns on the crime commission process within a sample of convicted portuguese murderers, namely at the level of the modus operandi, hunting behavior, and geographic decisionmaking. Studies like this have the potential to improve our understanding of the crime commission process, as well as enhance criminal investigation techniques like psychological and geographical profiling.
The great majority of criminological theories aim at studying the actors of the criminal process (offender and victim), seeking to identify their biological, psychological, and sociological characteristics that drive or predispose them to crime and victimization. However, the situational, spatial, and geographical variables have been systematically neglected, thus tainting our understanding of the crime commission process in a comprehensive manner. In the theoretical part of this project, we propose the study of the crime of homicide under the environmental criminology paradigm. To do so, several perspectives are listed, such as the crime pattern theory, the rational choice approach, the routine activities theory, as well as the concept of hunting behavior and Rossmo’s typology. In the empiric part of this project, we propose to identify different patterns on the crime commission process within a sample of convicted portuguese murderers, namely at the level of the modus operandi, hunting behavior, and geographic decisionmaking. Studies like this have the potential to improve our understanding of the crime commission process, as well as enhance criminal investigation techniques like psychological and geographical profiling.
Description
Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em Criminologia
Keywords
Homicídio Comportamento predatório Modus operandi Tomada de decisão geográfica Criminologia ambiental Homicide Predatory behaviour Geographic decisionmaking Environmental criminology