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Introdução: As más oclusões esqueléticas são frequentes na prática ortodôntica, sendo a Classe III particularmente relevante pelas suas implicações funcionais e estéticas. Caracteriza-se por uma discrepância antero-posterior entre maxila e mandíbula, geralmente de origem multifatorial. A sua prevalência varia entre populações, justificando estudos que contribuam para o diagnóstico precoce e o planeamento terapêutico adequado.
Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência da má oclusão esquelética de Classe III numa população ortodôntica, bem como analisar a sua distribuição segundo o sexo.
Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal e descritivo, baseado na análise de fichas clínicas e telerradiografias de pacientes ortodônticos com idade igual ou superior a 9 anos, atendidos no Hospital-Escola da Universidade Fernando Pessoa. A avaliação da Classe III foi realizada através da análise cefalométrica de Ricketts na plataforma WebCeph, em combinação com os parâmetros sagitais, verticais e transversais registados no software do Hospital. Foram aplicados critérios de inclusão e exclusão previamente definidos, e os dados foram analisados estatisticamente.
Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 143 pacientes, dos quais 89 (62,2%) do género feminino e 54 (37,8%) masculino. A Classe III esquelética foi observada em 12,6% (n = 18), sendo mais prevalente nos homens (16,7%) do que nas mulheres (10,1%). A Classe I foi predominante no grupo feminino (39,3%) e a Classe II no masculino (48,1%). Apesar das diferenças, não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre género e classificação esquelética (χ²(2) = 1,339; p = 0,512).
Conclusões: A Classe III apresentou prevalência relevante, reforçando a importância do diagnóstico precoce e do plano terapêutico adequado. Estudos futuros devem considerar fatores hereditários e ambientais, de forma a minimizar a severidade desta má oclusão.
Introduction: Skeletal malocclusions are common in orthodontic practice, with Class III being particularly relevant due to its functional and aesthetic implications. It is characterized by an anteroposterior discrepancy between the maxilla and mandible, generally of multifactorial origin. Its prevalence varies among populations, justifying specific studies that contribute to early diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of skeletal Class III malocclusion in an orthodontic population and to analyze its distribution according to sex. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study based on the analysis of clinical records and lateral cephalometric radiographs of orthodontic patients aged 9 years or older, treated at the Teaching Hospital of Universidade Fernando Pessoa. Skeletal Class III was assessed using Ricketts cephalometric analysis on the WebCeph platform, combined with sagittal, vertical, and transverse parameters recorded in the hospital’s software. Previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and data were statistically analyzed. Results: The sample consisted of 143 patients, of whom 89 (62.2%) were female and 54 (37.8%) male. Skeletal Class III malocclusion was observed in 12.6% (n = 18), being more prevalent in males (16.7%) than in females (10.1%). Class I was most frequent among females (39.3%), while Class II predominated in males (48.1%). Despite these differences, no statistically significant association was found between sex and skeletal classification (χ2(2) = 1.339; p = 0.512). Conclusions: Class III malocclusion showed a relevant prevalence, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and proper treatment planning. Future studies should explore genetic and environmental factors in order to minimize the severity of this skeletal malocclusion.
Introduction: Skeletal malocclusions are common in orthodontic practice, with Class III being particularly relevant due to its functional and aesthetic implications. It is characterized by an anteroposterior discrepancy between the maxilla and mandible, generally of multifactorial origin. Its prevalence varies among populations, justifying specific studies that contribute to early diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of skeletal Class III malocclusion in an orthodontic population and to analyze its distribution according to sex. Methods: This was an observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study based on the analysis of clinical records and lateral cephalometric radiographs of orthodontic patients aged 9 years or older, treated at the Teaching Hospital of Universidade Fernando Pessoa. Skeletal Class III was assessed using Ricketts cephalometric analysis on the WebCeph platform, combined with sagittal, vertical, and transverse parameters recorded in the hospital’s software. Previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and data were statistically analyzed. Results: The sample consisted of 143 patients, of whom 89 (62.2%) were female and 54 (37.8%) male. Skeletal Class III malocclusion was observed in 12.6% (n = 18), being more prevalent in males (16.7%) than in females (10.1%). Class I was most frequent among females (39.3%), while Class II predominated in males (48.1%). Despite these differences, no statistically significant association was found between sex and skeletal classification (χ2(2) = 1.339; p = 0.512). Conclusions: Class III malocclusion showed a relevant prevalence, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and proper treatment planning. Future studies should explore genetic and environmental factors in order to minimize the severity of this skeletal malocclusion.
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Má oclusão esquelética Classe III Prevalência Ortodontia Parâmetros cefalométricos Sexo Skeletal malocclusion Class III Prevalence Orthodontics Cephalometric parameters Sex