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Frenectomia em odontopediatria: técnica cirúrgica vs. técnica com laser – revisão sistemática
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A frenectomia é um procedimento cirúrgico que pode ser realizado através da técnica convencional cirúrgica, utilizando o bisturi, ou através da técnica com laser, que tem sido cada vez mais utilizada como uma alternativa inovadora e minimamente invasiva. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática da literatura consistiu em comparar a frenectomia realizada com estas duas modalidades terapêuticas, avaliando outcomes como tempo de procedimento, dor pós-operatória e complicações associadas, em pacientes pediátricos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica da literatura, restrita a artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2025 utilizando as seguintes bases de dados eletrónicas: MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library e o Diretório de bases de dados B-ON (Academic Search Complete, Gale in Context: Science, Directory of Open Access Journals and Science Direct). A triagem dos artigos seguiu o método PRISMA. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi realizada, por dois investigadores independentes e, em caso de divergência, foi consultado um terceiro investigador para a decisão final, utilizando a ferramenta Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0 para os ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados e a escala modificada de Newcastle-Ottawa para o estudo observacional retrospetivo. Dos 428 artigos identificados como potencialmente elegíveis, apenas 6 cumpriram integralmente os critérios de inclusão e exclusão definidos. De uma forma geral, os estudos apontam para benefícios evidentes da frenectomia com laser no que se refere à diminuição do tempo cirúrgico e da hemorragia intraoperatória. No entanto, os resultados relativamente à sintomatologia dolorosa pós-operatória e ao desconforto funcional apresentam inconsistências e, em alguns casos, não se registam diferenças estatisticamente significativas dos resultados obtidos com a técnica cirúrgica convencional. Evidencia-se, portanto, a ausência de um consenso claro em termos de superioridade clínica, da técnica com laser quando comparada com a técnica cirúrgica convencional.
Frenectomy is a surgical procedure that can be performed using the conventional technique with a scalpel or through a laser technique, which has increasingly emerged as an innovative and minimally invasive alternative. The aim of this systematic literature review was to compare frenectomy performed with these two surgical approaches, evaluating outcomes such as procedure time, postoperative pain, healing, and associated complications in paediatric patients. A literature search was conducted, restricted to articles published between 2015 and 2025, using the following electronic databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and the B-ON database directory (Academic Search Complete, Gale in Context: Science, Directory of Open Access Journals, and Science Direct). Article screening followed the PRISMA methodology. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed by two independent reviewers and, in the event of disagreement, a third reviewer was consulted to reach a final decision. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0 was used for randomized controlled trials, and the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied to the retrospective observational study. Of the 428 articles initially identified as potentially eligible, only 6 fully met the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Overall, the studies indicate clear advantages of laser frenectomy in reducing surgical time and intraoperative bleeding. However, the findings regarding postoperative pain and discomfort during speech and mastication are inconsistent, and in some cases, no statistically significant differences are observed when compared to the conventional surgical technique. Therefore, no clear consensus exists regarding the clinical superiority of the laser technique over the conventional approach.
Frenectomy is a surgical procedure that can be performed using the conventional technique with a scalpel or through a laser technique, which has increasingly emerged as an innovative and minimally invasive alternative. The aim of this systematic literature review was to compare frenectomy performed with these two surgical approaches, evaluating outcomes such as procedure time, postoperative pain, healing, and associated complications in paediatric patients. A literature search was conducted, restricted to articles published between 2015 and 2025, using the following electronic databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and the B-ON database directory (Academic Search Complete, Gale in Context: Science, Directory of Open Access Journals, and Science Direct). Article screening followed the PRISMA methodology. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed by two independent reviewers and, in the event of disagreement, a third reviewer was consulted to reach a final decision. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2.0 was used for randomized controlled trials, and the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied to the retrospective observational study. Of the 428 articles initially identified as potentially eligible, only 6 fully met the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Overall, the studies indicate clear advantages of laser frenectomy in reducing surgical time and intraoperative bleeding. However, the findings regarding postoperative pain and discomfort during speech and mastication are inconsistent, and in some cases, no statistically significant differences are observed when compared to the conventional surgical technique. Therefore, no clear consensus exists regarding the clinical superiority of the laser technique over the conventional approach.
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Palavras-chave
Frenectomia Técnica cirúrgica Laser Freio labial Freio lingual Odontopediatria Frenectomy Surgical technique Labial frenulum Lingual frenulum Pediatric dentistry