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Inteligência emocional e consumo de substâncias em estudantes universitários
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Abstract(s)
Os consumos de substâncias ilícitas entre adolescentes e jovens adultos tem vindo a aumentar significativamente. Além disso, é sabido que as competências emocionais estão relacionadas com os consumos, na medida em que quanto maiores os níveis de inteligência emocional (IE), mais mecanismos possuem os jovens para reduzir a sua vulnerabilidade aos consumos de risco. Face a estas evidências, com a presente investigação pretende-se caracterizar os níveis de IE em estudantes universitários que sejam consumidores de substâncias lícitas e/ou ilícitas. Para tal foram administrados o Questionário de Competência Emocional (QCE) e o Questionário Vitimação do Toxicodependente a uma amostra de 239 estudantes universitários, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (72.8%), com uma média de 22 anos de idade (DP = 3.009). Em termos de resultados foram encontrados valores elevados na escala total do QCE (M = 196.81; DP = 21.09) e nas subescalas capacidade para lidar com a emoção (CL – M = 70.82; DP = 7.241), expressão emocional (EE – M = 60.05; DP = 9.486) e perceção emocional (PE – M = 65.94; DP = 8.006), não se verificando diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre sexos. Os participantes admitiram consumir mais regulamente o álcool (72%), o tabaco (21.3%) e a canábis (20.5%). Verificou-se a existência de policonsumos, sendo a frequência dos consumos maioritariamente semanal (61.9%) e esporádica (14.2%). Não se verificaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os valores do QCE e a idade de início dos consumos, frequência dos consumos e tipo de substância consumida, à exceção do álcool e do ecstasy. Uma vez que boas competências emocionais promovem comportamentos mais saudáveis e adaptativos, acredita-se que o treino da IE possa ser uma boa estratégia para prevenção dos consumos problemáticos e de risco.
There’s been a significant increase in ilicit substance consumption among adolescents and young adults. Besides, it’s known that emotional competences are related to consumptions, since the higher levels of emotional intelligence (EI), the more mechanisms young people have to reduce their vulnerability to risky consumption. Therefore, the present research proposes to characterize EI levels in a sample of university students who are consumers of licit and/or illicit drugs. The instruments administered were the Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire (EMCQ) and the Victimization Questionnaire of the Drug Addict, to a sample of 239 university students, mostly females (72.8%), with a mean age of 22 years (SD = 3.009). The results show that the sample presented high values in total EMCQ scale (M = 196.81; SD = 21.09) and in the subscales manage and regulate emotion (MR – M = 70.82; SD = 7.241), express and label emotion (EL – M = 60.05; SD = 9.486) and perceive and understand emotion (PU – M = 65.94; SD = 8.006), with no statistically significant differences between sexes. The participants admitted to consume morr regularly alcohol (72%), tobacco (21.3%) and cannabis (20.5%). There were polyconsumptions and the frequency of consumptions was mostly weekly (61.9%) and sporadic (14.2%). There were no statistically significant differences between EMCQ scores and the onset age of consumption, frequency of consumption or type of substance, except for alcohol and ecstasy. Since good emotional competences promote healthier and adaptative behaviours, we believe that EI training can be a good strategy to prevent risky and problematic consumption.
There’s been a significant increase in ilicit substance consumption among adolescents and young adults. Besides, it’s known that emotional competences are related to consumptions, since the higher levels of emotional intelligence (EI), the more mechanisms young people have to reduce their vulnerability to risky consumption. Therefore, the present research proposes to characterize EI levels in a sample of university students who are consumers of licit and/or illicit drugs. The instruments administered were the Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire (EMCQ) and the Victimization Questionnaire of the Drug Addict, to a sample of 239 university students, mostly females (72.8%), with a mean age of 22 years (SD = 3.009). The results show that the sample presented high values in total EMCQ scale (M = 196.81; SD = 21.09) and in the subscales manage and regulate emotion (MR – M = 70.82; SD = 7.241), express and label emotion (EL – M = 60.05; SD = 9.486) and perceive and understand emotion (PU – M = 65.94; SD = 8.006), with no statistically significant differences between sexes. The participants admitted to consume morr regularly alcohol (72%), tobacco (21.3%) and cannabis (20.5%). There were polyconsumptions and the frequency of consumptions was mostly weekly (61.9%) and sporadic (14.2%). There were no statistically significant differences between EMCQ scores and the onset age of consumption, frequency of consumption or type of substance, except for alcohol and ecstasy. Since good emotional competences promote healthier and adaptative behaviours, we believe that EI training can be a good strategy to prevent risky and problematic consumption.
Description
Keywords
Inteligência emocional Drogas Consumos Estudantes universitários Emotional intelligence Drugs Consumption University students