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Investigação dos protocolos de diagnóstico de hanseníase da rede pública em Brasília DF
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DM_34675 | 3.4 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A identi
ficação do Mycobacterium leprae é difícil de ser realizada em razão da
dificuldade de cultivo in vitro , necessitando de outros métodos de identificação. Os
meios mais primitivos e utilizados para tal são a baciloscopia e a histopatologia devido à
necessida de de poucos equipamentos e procedimentos a serem realizados. Entretanto,
estes possuem baixa especificidade e sensibilidade limitada. Assim, este estudo realizou
avaliação da eficiência de técnicas utilizadas para investigação da hanseníase, que já
estão implementadas no sistema público de saúde de Brasília, DF, Brasil. Entre as
técnicas aqui utilizadas estão a baciloscopia, a pesquisa de anticorpos anti PGL 1 por
ELISA e hibridização reversa. Em relação a tais técnicas, a avaliação levou em
consideração a execução, a sensibilidade e a qualidade, além da quantidade de dados. O
referido estudo comparou o diagnóstico proposto pela rede pública com outros testados
em literatura a fim de verificar possíveis falhas nos testes estudados e identificar a
melhor ass ociação de exames para estabelecer um diagnóstico adequado para tal
enfermidade. O principal erro detectado nas técnicas de microscopia se refere aos casos
paucibacilares por apresentarem baciloscopia e teste de Mitsuda negativos, necessitando
de outro tes te laboratorial. Assim, este trabalho estudou também outras duas técnicas
muito utilizadas na literatura com alta sensibilidade que não faltassem com os pacientes
paucibacilares. São estas o qPCR e ML Flow, identificando as como melhor proposta
para diagnó stico em hanseníase.
Mycobacterium leprae identifying is hard to be done because of its in vitro culture difficulty, and that is a reason wh y we need other detection methods. The most primitive and used means to detect this disease are skin smear and histopathology due to less equipment and proceedings needed. However, these two methods show low specificity and limited sensitiveness. This pape r evaluated the efficiency of the techniques already implemented in Brasilia’s public health system (Brazil) and used to investigate leprosy. Skin smear, antibodies anti PGL1 per ELISA research and reverse hybridization are some of the detection techniques studied in this thesis. Still regarding techniques, the overall evaluation took into account performance, sensitiveness, quality and data quantity. The thesis also compared the diagnosis proposed by Brasilia’s public health system and others indicated by literature in order to verify possible test failures and to identify the best medical examination tests for leprosy diagnosis. Due to negative skin smear and negative Mitsuda test in Paucibacillary cases, higher incidence of errors can be avoided by perfor ming other laboratory tests. Therefore, this thesis discussed qPCR and ML Flow, which are two other high sensitive techniques commonly used in paucibacillary cases and considered the most appropriate for leprosy diagnosis.
Mycobacterium leprae identifying is hard to be done because of its in vitro culture difficulty, and that is a reason wh y we need other detection methods. The most primitive and used means to detect this disease are skin smear and histopathology due to less equipment and proceedings needed. However, these two methods show low specificity and limited sensitiveness. This pape r evaluated the efficiency of the techniques already implemented in Brasilia’s public health system (Brazil) and used to investigate leprosy. Skin smear, antibodies anti PGL1 per ELISA research and reverse hybridization are some of the detection techniques studied in this thesis. Still regarding techniques, the overall evaluation took into account performance, sensitiveness, quality and data quantity. The thesis also compared the diagnosis proposed by Brasilia’s public health system and others indicated by literature in order to verify possible test failures and to identify the best medical examination tests for leprosy diagnosis. Due to negative skin smear and negative Mitsuda test in Paucibacillary cases, higher incidence of errors can be avoided by perfor ming other laboratory tests. Therefore, this thesis discussed qPCR and ML Flow, which are two other high sensitive techniques commonly used in paucibacillary cases and considered the most appropriate for leprosy diagnosis.
Description
Keywords
Hanseníase Diagnósticos Baciloscopia Protocolo de investigação Hibridização PGL Leprosy Diagnosis Skin smear Research protocol Hybridization PGL