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Publication
Eficácia de uma intervenção psicológica positiva em grupo numa amostra não clínica ao nível da saúde mental (psicopatologia e bem-estar)
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| 5.16 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A definição atual de saúde mental (positiva) como englobando elevados níveis
de bem-estar e reduzidos níveis de psicopatologia, tem dado lugar a um crescente
interesse pelo desenvolvimento de atividades e programas de intervenção psicológica
positiva que possibilitem promover um aumento do bem-estar e diminuição da
psicopatologia, tendo em conta os benefícios a nível individual, social e económico que
níveis mais elevados de saúde menta acarretam. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar a
eficácia de uma intervenção psicológica positiva em grupo, numa amostra não clínica,
na promoção do bem-estar e redução da psicopatologia. O programa desenvolvido foi
aplicado numa clínica pedagógica de Psicologia de uma Universidade do norte do país e
versou sobre temáticas como a gratidão, o otimismo, a espiritualidade, a redução da
ruminação mental e comparação social, bondade e perdão, tendo como base a literatura
revista.A amostra foi selecionada por conveniência de forma não aleatória e constituída
por 24 participantes, subdividindo-se em grupo experimental e grupo de comparação,
ambos constituídos por 12 participantes cada. O grupo experimental apresenta uma
média de idades de 22 anos (DP = 2.98), sendo constituído por 91,7% indivíduos do
sexo feminino e 8,3% do sexo masculino. O grupo de comparação apresenta uma média
de idades de 24.17 anos (DP = 7.54) e foi constituído por 75% indivíduos do sexo
feminino e 25% do sexo masculino. Foram usadas como medidas de avaliação do bemestar
o MHC-SF e o EADS-21 para avaliação da psicopatologia. A avaliação foi
realizada em dois momentos – pré e pós intervenção, com um espaçamento temporal de
seis semanas. Os resultados apontam para uma melhoria significativa ao nível do bemestar
social e uma redução dos níveis de ansiedade no grupo experimental, sugerindo os
benefícios da participação no programa. Em estudos futuros sugere-se o rescurso a
umauma amostra de maior dimensão, que possa ser representativa, bem como recorrer a
um processo de aleatorização da mesma.
The current definition of (positive) mental health as encompassing high levels of well-being and reduced levels of psychopathology has given rise to a growing interest in the development of activities and programs of positive psychological intervention that allow to promote an increase of well-being and reduction of psychopathology, taking into account the individual, social and economic benefits that higher levels of mental health entail. The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of a positive psychological intervention in a non-clinical sample, in the promotion of well-being and reduction of psychopathology. The developed program was applied in a pedagogical clinic of Psychology of a University of the north of the country and dealt with topics such as gratitude, optimism, spirituality, reduction of mental rumination and social comparison, kindness and forgiveness, based on the literature. The sample was selected for convenience in a non-random manner and consisted of 24 participants, subdivided into experimental group and comparison group, both consisting of 12 participants each. The experimental group had a mean age of 22 years (SD = 2.98), being 91.7% female and 8.3% male. The comparison group had a mean age of 24.17 years (SD = 7.54) and was composed of 75% female and 25% male. MHC-SF and EADS-21 were used as measures of well-being for evaluation of the psychopathology. The evaluation was performed in two moments - pre and post intervention, with a temporal spacing of six weeks. The results point to a significant improvement in social well-being and a reduction in anxiety levels in the experimental group, suggesting the benefits of participating in the program. In future studies it is suggested that a sample of a larger size, which may be representative, be used, as well as a randomization process.
The current definition of (positive) mental health as encompassing high levels of well-being and reduced levels of psychopathology has given rise to a growing interest in the development of activities and programs of positive psychological intervention that allow to promote an increase of well-being and reduction of psychopathology, taking into account the individual, social and economic benefits that higher levels of mental health entail. The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of a positive psychological intervention in a non-clinical sample, in the promotion of well-being and reduction of psychopathology. The developed program was applied in a pedagogical clinic of Psychology of a University of the north of the country and dealt with topics such as gratitude, optimism, spirituality, reduction of mental rumination and social comparison, kindness and forgiveness, based on the literature. The sample was selected for convenience in a non-random manner and consisted of 24 participants, subdivided into experimental group and comparison group, both consisting of 12 participants each. The experimental group had a mean age of 22 years (SD = 2.98), being 91.7% female and 8.3% male. The comparison group had a mean age of 24.17 years (SD = 7.54) and was composed of 75% female and 25% male. MHC-SF and EADS-21 were used as measures of well-being for evaluation of the psychopathology. The evaluation was performed in two moments - pre and post intervention, with a temporal spacing of six weeks. The results point to a significant improvement in social well-being and a reduction in anxiety levels in the experimental group, suggesting the benefits of participating in the program. In future studies it is suggested that a sample of a larger size, which may be representative, be used, as well as a randomization process.
Description
Keywords
Bem-estar Saúde mental Intervenções psicológicas positivas Avaliação eficácia Well-being Mental health Positive psychological interventions Effectiveness evaluation