A carregar...
Publicação
A influência dos hábitos orais na má oclusão infantil numa população francesa: estudo transversal
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Projeto de pós-graduação_40984 | 2.71 MB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Introdução: A má oclusão infantil caracteriza-se por um desalinhamento dos dentes e/ou dos maxilares, sendo uma condição comum que pode afetar o desenvolvimento orofacial e a saúde oral das crianças. Diversos fatores contribuem para o seu aparecimento, incluindo hábitos orais adquiridos precocemente, que podem alterar significativamente o equilíbrio funcional e estrutural das arcadas dentárias. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência de alguns hábitos orais, nas más oclusões infantis, numa amostra constituída por crianças francesas, entre os 6 e os 10 anos.
Metodologia: Estudo descritivo observacional de carácter transversal, realizado numa instituição de ensino francesa, com uma amostra de 135 crianças. Foi aplicado um questionário aos responsáveis legais e foi realizada uma avaliação clínica intraoral, com registo da relação molar, do tipo de má oclusão no plano transversal, do overjet, do overbite, e o tipo de deglutição. A análise estatística descritiva foi efetuada com o recurso ao software IBM® SPSS® Statistics v.30.0. Para a análise das associações entre variáveis foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado (χ²), com um nível de significância de 5%.
Resultados: Observou-se que 71,4 % das crianças apresentavam pelo menos um hábito oral deletério. A sucção digital apresenta associação estatisticamente significativas com o overjet aumentado, a mordida aberta, e mordida cruzada posterior unilateral. A utilização de chupeta e o hábito de morder objetos não terem relações de significância estatística, mas há a presença de tendência. Existe uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre o tipo de alimentação e o uso da chupeta.
Conclusões: Este estudo confirma o impacto dos hábitos orais nocivos prolongados, nas más oclusões. A sucção digital é o que tem mais impacto, seguido da chupeta e das mordidelas. A prevenção precoce, envolvendo famílias e profissionais de saúde, é essencial para minimizar as consequências funcionais e estéticas na criança.
Introduction: Childhood malocclusion is characterized by a misalignment of the teeth and/or jaws and is a common condition that can affect children’s orofacial development and oral health. Several factors contribute to its occurrence, including early-acquired oral habits, which can significantly alter the functional and structural balance of the dental arches. Objective : This study aims to assess the influence of certain oral habits on childhood malocclusions in a sample of French children aged between 6 and 10 years. Methodology: This is a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study conducted in a French educational institution, with a sample of 135 children. A questionnaire was administered to the legal guardians, and an intraoral clinical evaluation was performed to record molar relationships, type of malocclusion in the transverse plane, overjet, overbite, and swallowing pattern. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics v.30.0. The chi-square test (χ²) was used to analyze associations between variables, with a significance level of 5%. Results: It was observed that 71.4% of the children exhibited at least one deleterious oral habit. Thumb sucking showed statistically significant associations with increased overjet, open bite, and unilateral posterior crossbite. Pacifier use and the habit of biting objects were not statistically significant, though a trend was observed. A statistically significant relationship was found between feeding type and pacifier use. Conclusions: This study confirms the impact of prolonged harmful oral habits on malocclusions. Thumb sucking has the greatest impact, followed by pacifier use and object biting. Early prevention, involving families and healthcare professionals, is essential to minimize functional and aesthetic consequences for the child.
Introduction: Childhood malocclusion is characterized by a misalignment of the teeth and/or jaws and is a common condition that can affect children’s orofacial development and oral health. Several factors contribute to its occurrence, including early-acquired oral habits, which can significantly alter the functional and structural balance of the dental arches. Objective : This study aims to assess the influence of certain oral habits on childhood malocclusions in a sample of French children aged between 6 and 10 years. Methodology: This is a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study conducted in a French educational institution, with a sample of 135 children. A questionnaire was administered to the legal guardians, and an intraoral clinical evaluation was performed to record molar relationships, type of malocclusion in the transverse plane, overjet, overbite, and swallowing pattern. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using IBM® SPSS® Statistics v.30.0. The chi-square test (χ²) was used to analyze associations between variables, with a significance level of 5%. Results: It was observed that 71.4% of the children exhibited at least one deleterious oral habit. Thumb sucking showed statistically significant associations with increased overjet, open bite, and unilateral posterior crossbite. Pacifier use and the habit of biting objects were not statistically significant, though a trend was observed. A statistically significant relationship was found between feeding type and pacifier use. Conclusions: This study confirms the impact of prolonged harmful oral habits on malocclusions. Thumb sucking has the greatest impact, followed by pacifier use and object biting. Early prevention, involving families and healthcare professionals, is essential to minimize functional and aesthetic consequences for the child.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Má oclusão Amamentação Hábitos orais Sucção digital Chupeta Desenvolvimento orofacial Malocclusions Breast-feeding Oral habits Digital suction Pacifier Orofacial development