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Autocuidado e saúde mental em psicólogos portugueses: um estudo correlacional e preditivo
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
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| Dissertação de mestrado_2023102828 | 973.57 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Resumo(s)
A prática profissional dos psicólogos aporta elevadas exigências emocionais, cognitivas e relacionais contínuas, emergindo o autocuidado como um imperativo ético e de eficácia clínica, amplamente referenciado na literatura pela sua capacidade de promover a saúde mental e mitigar a sintomatologia psicopatológica associada ao desgaste profissional. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a relação preditiva e comparativa entre o autocuidado e a saúde mental, considerando simultaneamente indicadores de bem-estar e sintomatologia psicopatológica. A investigação seguiu um desenho quantitativo, transversal, de natureza correlacional e preditiva. A amostra foi constituída por 322 psicólogos portugueses, membros efetivos da Ordem dos Psicólogos Portugueses, maioritariamente do sexo feminino (87,6%) e com idades compreendidas entre os 24 e 68 anos (M=39,7; DP=9,9). Os participantes responderam, por via digital, a um Questionário Sociodemográfico, à Escala de Avaliação de Autocuidado para Psicólogos (EAAP), ao Mental Health Continuum–Short Form (MHC-SF) e à Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress (EADS-21). As análises correlacionais revelaram associações positivas significativas entre as dimensões do autocuidado e o bem-estar, e associações negativas com a sintomatologia psicopatológica. No que concerne à práticas de suporte, verificou-se que os psicólogos com supervisão apresentaram níveis significativamente superiores de desenvolvimento e apoio profissional. Similarmente, os participantes com prática de intervisão evidenciaram níveis superiores de apoio e desenvolvimento profissional, estratégias cognitivas e no bem-estar social. Os modelos de regressão linear múltipla demonstraram que as dimensões do autocuidado predizem significativamente o bem-estar emocional e o bem-estar social. Relativamente à sintomatologia psicopatológica, o autocuidado explicou 16,4% da variância da depressão, 9,4% do stress e 5,6% da ansiedade. O equilíbrio de vida destacou-se como o preditor mais consistente dos indicadores de bem-estar e sintomatologia psicopatológica. Em conclusão, os resultados empíricos confirmam o papel bivalente do autocuidado na arquitetura psicológica dos psicólogos, demonstrando que o envolvimento intencional nestas práticas atua de forma abrangente, ao associar-se a índices superiores de bem-estar e a menores níveis de sintomatologia psicopatológica.
The professional practice of psychologists entails continuous and high emotional, cognitive, and relational demands, with self-care emerging as an ethical imperative and a cornerstone of clinical efficacy, widely referenced in the literature for its capacity to promote mental health and mitigate psychopathological symptomatology associated with professional burnout. This study aimed to analyze the predictive and comparative relationship between self-care and mental health, simultaneously considering indicators of well-being and psychopathological symptomatology. The research followed a quantitative, cross-sectional design with a correlational and predictive approach. The sample comprised 322 Portuguese psychologists, full members of the Portuguese Psychologists Association (OPP), predominantly female (87.6%), with ages ranging from 24 to 68 years (M = 39.7; SD = 9.9). Participants completed an online protocol consisting of a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Portuguese versions of Self-Care Assessment Scale for Psychologists (EAAP), the Mental Health Continuum–Short Form (MHC-SF), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Correlational analyses revealed significant positive associations between self-care dimensions and well-being, and negative associations with psychopathological symptomatology. Regarding professional support practices, psychologists engaged in clinical supervision presented significantly higher levels of professional development and support. Similarly, participants who engaged in peer intervision evidenced higher levels of professional development and support, cognitive strategies, and social well-being. Multiple linear regression models demonstrated that self-care dimensions significantly predict emotional well-being and social well-being. Regarding psychopathological symptomatology, self-care explained 16.4% of the variance in depression, 9.4% in stress, and 5.6% in anxiety. Life balance stood out as the most consistent predictor of both well-being indicators and psychopathological symptomatology. In conclusion, the empirical findings confirm the bivalent role of self-care within the psychological architecture of psychologists, demonstrating that intentional engagement in these practices operates comprehensively by being associated with higher levels of well-being and lower levels of psychopathological symptomatology.
The professional practice of psychologists entails continuous and high emotional, cognitive, and relational demands, with self-care emerging as an ethical imperative and a cornerstone of clinical efficacy, widely referenced in the literature for its capacity to promote mental health and mitigate psychopathological symptomatology associated with professional burnout. This study aimed to analyze the predictive and comparative relationship between self-care and mental health, simultaneously considering indicators of well-being and psychopathological symptomatology. The research followed a quantitative, cross-sectional design with a correlational and predictive approach. The sample comprised 322 Portuguese psychologists, full members of the Portuguese Psychologists Association (OPP), predominantly female (87.6%), with ages ranging from 24 to 68 years (M = 39.7; SD = 9.9). Participants completed an online protocol consisting of a Sociodemographic Questionnaire, the Portuguese versions of Self-Care Assessment Scale for Psychologists (EAAP), the Mental Health Continuum–Short Form (MHC-SF), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Correlational analyses revealed significant positive associations between self-care dimensions and well-being, and negative associations with psychopathological symptomatology. Regarding professional support practices, psychologists engaged in clinical supervision presented significantly higher levels of professional development and support. Similarly, participants who engaged in peer intervision evidenced higher levels of professional development and support, cognitive strategies, and social well-being. Multiple linear regression models demonstrated that self-care dimensions significantly predict emotional well-being and social well-being. Regarding psychopathological symptomatology, self-care explained 16.4% of the variance in depression, 9.4% in stress, and 5.6% in anxiety. Life balance stood out as the most consistent predictor of both well-being indicators and psychopathological symptomatology. In conclusion, the empirical findings confirm the bivalent role of self-care within the psychological architecture of psychologists, demonstrating that intentional engagement in these practices operates comprehensively by being associated with higher levels of well-being and lower levels of psychopathological symptomatology.
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Palavras-chave
Autocuidado Saúde mental Bem-estar Psicólogos Supervisão Intervisão Self-care Mental health Well-being psychologists Supervision Peer intervision