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ViolĂȘncia contra idosos em contexto familiar
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Abstract(s)
A violĂȘncia contra os idosos consiste no ato (Ășnico ou repetido) e/ou a omissĂŁo de ação cometida contra um idoso, que ocorre dentro de qualquer relação onde esteja estabelecida uma expectativa de confiança entre a pessoa idosa e o seu cuidador, que comprometa a qualidade de vida, integridade fĂsica e psicolĂłgica, liberdade e segurança deste. Deste modo, a presente revisĂŁo sistemĂĄtica tem como finalidade a identificação de fatores de risco que caraterizam o idoso, o cuidador e a relação entre ambos, atravĂ©s da anĂĄlise de estudos de prevalĂȘncia da violĂȘncia contra idosos no Ăąmbito familiar. AtravĂ©s da utilização da revisĂŁo sistemĂĄtica de literatura foram selecionados dezasseis artigos finais, de um total de 558 artigos recolhidos em trĂȘs bases de dados (B-on, Sage e Pubmed). Averiguou-se que os estudos sĂŁo consensuais sobre a existĂȘncia de violĂȘncia contra idosos em contexto familiar. Conclui-se que a taxa de prevalĂȘncia da violĂȘncia atualmente, nos diferentes paĂses em anĂĄlise, varia entre os 2.6% e 83.4%, demonstrando um aumento gradual da mesma. O tipo de violĂȘncia mais cometido contra esta população por parte dos cuidadores Ă© de natureza psicolĂłgica, fĂsica, financeira e negligĂȘncia, observando-se poucos dados sobre a ocorrĂȘncia de violĂȘncia sexual neste contexto. Os fatores de risco que propiciam a vulnerabilidade desta população Ă© a idade, o sexo, o estado civil, a situação laboral, o rendimento econĂłmico, o estado de saĂșde e a ausĂȘncia de suporte social. Os estudos identificaram que maioria das vĂtimas sĂŁo do sexo feminino, porĂ©m geralmente os agressores sĂŁo do sexo masculino, nomeadamente os parceiros e/ou ex-parceiros e os descendentes. Estes atos abusivos contra os idosos tendem a resultar em consequĂȘncias negativas que se refletem na mĂĄ qualidade de vida, insegurança e medo demonstrado pelos idosos, onde se verifica que apenas uma pequena percentagem desta população consegue pedir auxĂlio para melhorar esta situação.
Violence against the elderly consists of the act (single or repeated) and/ or the omission of action committed against an elderly person, occurring within any relationship where an expectation of trust is established between the elderly person and their caregiver, which compromises the quality of life, physical and psychological integrity, freedom and security. Thus, this systematic review aims to identify risk factors that characterize the elderly, the caregiver and the relationship between both, through the analysis of studies of the prevalence of violence against the elderly in the family context. Through the systematic review of the literature, sixteen final articles were selected from a total of 558 articles collected in three databases (B-on, Sage and Pubmed). It was found that the studies are consensual about the existence of violence against the elderly in a family context. It is settled that the prevalence rate of violence in the different countries is 2.6% to 83.4%, showing a gradual increase. The type of violence most committed against this population by the caregivers is of a psychological, physical, financial and negligence nature, with little data on the occurrence of sexual violence in this context. The risk factors that lead to the vulnerability of this population are age, sex, marital status, employment status, economic performance, health status and lack of social support. Studies have identified that most of the victims are female, but generally the perpetrators are male, namely partners and/ or former partners and descendants. These abusive acts against the elderly tend to have negative consequences that are reflected in the poor quality of life, insecurity and fear shown by the elderly, where it is verified that only a small percentage of this population can ask for help to improve this situation.
Violence against the elderly consists of the act (single or repeated) and/ or the omission of action committed against an elderly person, occurring within any relationship where an expectation of trust is established between the elderly person and their caregiver, which compromises the quality of life, physical and psychological integrity, freedom and security. Thus, this systematic review aims to identify risk factors that characterize the elderly, the caregiver and the relationship between both, through the analysis of studies of the prevalence of violence against the elderly in the family context. Through the systematic review of the literature, sixteen final articles were selected from a total of 558 articles collected in three databases (B-on, Sage and Pubmed). It was found that the studies are consensual about the existence of violence against the elderly in a family context. It is settled that the prevalence rate of violence in the different countries is 2.6% to 83.4%, showing a gradual increase. The type of violence most committed against this population by the caregivers is of a psychological, physical, financial and negligence nature, with little data on the occurrence of sexual violence in this context. The risk factors that lead to the vulnerability of this population are age, sex, marital status, employment status, economic performance, health status and lack of social support. Studies have identified that most of the victims are female, but generally the perpetrators are male, namely partners and/ or former partners and descendants. These abusive acts against the elderly tend to have negative consequences that are reflected in the poor quality of life, insecurity and fear shown by the elderly, where it is verified that only a small percentage of this population can ask for help to improve this situation.
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Keywords
Idoso Fatores de risco PrevalĂȘncia RevisĂŁo sistemĂĄtica ViolĂȘncia familiar Elder Risk factors Prevalence Systematic review Family violence