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Impacto na saúde oral do consumo de drogas de abuso: revisão sistemática
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
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| Projeto de pós-graduação_42334 | 2.19 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Introdução: O consumo de drogas é um importante problema social e de saúde pública em todo o mundo e este problema é agravado com o aparecimento de novas substâncias psicoativas e sintéticas. As manifestações sistémicas decorrentes deste consumo são conhecidas, mas as manifestações orais são desvalorizadas nos cuidados de saúde, não só pelas condições socioeconómicas desta população que não procura os cuidados médicos, mas pela falta de conhecimento dos clínicos e dos Médicos Dentistas.
Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as lesões a nível da cavidade oral resultantes do consumo das drogas de abuso mais usadas, mas de forma mais precisa, objetiva-se com- parar os efeitos da cocaína e da metanfetamina e avaliar o papel do Médico Dentista no reconhecimento, prevenção e tratamento dessas lesões. De acordo com a estratégia PICO, foi formulada a seguinte pergunta: “Como as drogas de abuso apresentadas afe- tam a saúde oral e qual é o papel do médico dentista na identificação, prevenção e trata- mento dessas complicações?”.
Métodos: Para a elaboração deste trabalho, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica detalhada do 22 de março ao 28 de março 2025 em 4 bases de dados científicas: PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect e Scopus, seguindo o modelo PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Com a utilização de operadores booleanos e as palavras-chave foi possível encontrar artigos que foram selecionados segundo critérios de inclusão e exclusão.
Resultados: Foram identificados 54 artigos pela triagem inicial por título/ resumo. Na etapa final, procedeu-se à leitura completa dos artigos restantes. 9 artigos foram incluídos nesta revisão sistemática.
Conclusão: O uso de drogas de abuso provoca várias lesões a nível da cavidade oral. A importância do reconhecimento nos CSP (Cuidados de saúde primários) e a consulta precoce com o médico dentista dos consumidores ativos/não ativos em programas de reabilitação, pode permitir um tratamento eficaz e encaminhamento para outros profissionais de saúde, visando um acompanhamento multidisciplinar de acordo com as necessidades de cada indivíduo.
Introduction: Drug use is a major social and public health problem throughout the world and this problem is being exacerbated by the emergence of new psychoactive and synthetic substances. The systemic manifestations resulting from this consumption are well known, but the oral manifestations are undervalued in health care, not only because of the socio economic conditions of this population who don't seek medical care but also because of the lack of knowledge of clinicians and dentists. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the lesions in the oral cavity resulting from the consumption of the most commonly used drugs of abuse, but more precisely, the aim is to compare the effects of cocaine and methamphetamine and to assess the role of the dentist in recognizing, preventing and treating these lesions. According to the PICO strategy, the following question was formulated: ‘How do the presented drugs of abuse affect oral health, and what is the role of the dentist in the identification, prevention, and treatment of these complications?’. Methods: For the preparation of this work, a detailed bibliographic search was carried out from 22 March to 28 March 2025 in 4 scientific databases: PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Scopus, following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) model. Using Boolean operators and keywords, it was possible to find articles that were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: 54 articles were identified through initial screening by title/abstract. In the final stage, the remaining articles were read in full. 9 articles were included in this systematic review. Conclusion: The use of drugs of abuse causes various injuries to the oral cavity. The importance of recognition in the PHC (Primary health care) and early consultation with dentist of active/non-active users in rehabilitation programs can enable effective treatment and referral to other health professionals, with a view to multidisciplinary follow-up according to the needs of each individual.
Introduction: Drug use is a major social and public health problem throughout the world and this problem is being exacerbated by the emergence of new psychoactive and synthetic substances. The systemic manifestations resulting from this consumption are well known, but the oral manifestations are undervalued in health care, not only because of the socio economic conditions of this population who don't seek medical care but also because of the lack of knowledge of clinicians and dentists. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the lesions in the oral cavity resulting from the consumption of the most commonly used drugs of abuse, but more precisely, the aim is to compare the effects of cocaine and methamphetamine and to assess the role of the dentist in recognizing, preventing and treating these lesions. According to the PICO strategy, the following question was formulated: ‘How do the presented drugs of abuse affect oral health, and what is the role of the dentist in the identification, prevention, and treatment of these complications?’. Methods: For the preparation of this work, a detailed bibliographic search was carried out from 22 March to 28 March 2025 in 4 scientific databases: PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Scopus, following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) model. Using Boolean operators and keywords, it was possible to find articles that were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: 54 articles were identified through initial screening by title/abstract. In the final stage, the remaining articles were read in full. 9 articles were included in this systematic review. Conclusion: The use of drugs of abuse causes various injuries to the oral cavity. The importance of recognition in the PHC (Primary health care) and early consultation with dentist of active/non-active users in rehabilitation programs can enable effective treatment and referral to other health professionals, with a view to multidisciplinary follow-up according to the needs of each individual.
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Palavras-chave
Cocaína Transtornos relacionados à cocaína Crack Vício em cocaína Abuso de cocaína Metanfetamina Abuso de metanfetamina Metilanfetamina Saúde oral Manifestações orais Doenças da boca Cáries dentárias Doenças periodontais Cocaine Cocaine-related disorders Cocaine addiction Methamphetamine Methamphetamine abuse Methylamphetamine Oral health Oral manifestations Mouth diseases Dental caries Periodontal diseases