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Publication
Tratamentos não cirúrgicos de apneia obstrutiva do sono em crianças com síndrome de Down: revisão integrativa
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Projeto de pós-graduação_2022100871 | 1.44 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Síndrome de Down é o distúrbio cromossómico mais comum e afeta 1 a cada 700 nados vivos. Crianças com síndrome de Down têm uma grande prevalência de desenvolvimento de distúrbios respiratórios, dos quais a apneia obstrutiva do sono é a mais comum. A apneia obstrutiva do sono potencializa condições neurológicas que comprometem a cognição e a função, contribuindo para problemas comportamentais e de aprendizagem. Várias características craniofaciais são associadas ao estabelecimento da apneia obstrutiva do sono em crianças com Síndrome de Down, incluindo deficiência transversal maxilar, macroglossia relativa, hipoplasia da face média entre outros. Assim, o médico dentista, pela posição privilegiada que tem na avaliação da região orofacial, pode e deve, através da deteção de sinais e sintomas, contribuir para o diagnóstico o mais precocemente possível. O encaminhando para confirmação de diagnóstico e estabelecimento do tratamento adequado, bem como a colaboração no tratamento de casos menos graves, através da correção de problemas craniofaciais com aparelhos de expansão rápida da maxila, dispositivos de avanço mandibular e aparelhos fixos, são também da sua competência. Através de pesquisa da literatura dos últimos 5 anos, esta revisão integrativa teve como objetivo perceber em que medida os tratamentos não cirúrgicos são tolerados pelas crianças com Síndrome de Down, apresentando-se como uma alternativa a outros tratamentos mais invasivos. Com a análise dos artigos selecionados concluiu-se que, apesar dos poucos estudos em crianças sindrómicas, pode considerar-se que os tratamentos não cirúrgicos da apneia do sono em crianças são eficazes como adjuvantes do tratamento cirúrgico em casos graves. Além disso, podem também representar uma solução menos invasiva nos casos ligeiros, ao melhorarem a forma e a função das vias aéreas superiores. Apesar dos poucos estudos especificamente relacionados com a real utilização e tolerância dos aparelhos para tratamento não cirúrgico em crianças, a maioria dos estudos relata benefícios quanto ao seu uso, de onde podemos concluir que serão geralmente bem tolerados pela população pediátrica com Síndrome de Down.
Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder and affects 1 in every 700 live births. Children with Down syndrome have a high prevalence of developing respiratory disorders, of which obstructive sleep apnea is the most common. Obstructive sleep apnea potentiates neurological conditions that compromise cognition and function, contributing to behavioral and learning problems. Several craniofacial features are associated with the establishment of obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome, including transverse maxillary deficiency, relative macroglossia, midface hypoplasia and others. Therefore, the dentist, due to his privileged position in the assessment of the orofacial region, can and should, through the detection of signs and symptoms, contribute to the earliest possible diagnosis. Referral for confirmation of the diagnosis and establishment of the appropriate treatment, as well as collaboration in the treatment of less serious cases, through the correction of craniofacial problems with rapid maxillary expansion appliances, mandibular advancement devices and fixed appliances, are also within their competence. By researching the literature over the last 5 years, this integrative review aimed to understand the extent to which non-surgical treatments are tolerated by children with Down Syndrome, presenting themselves as an alternative to other more invasive treatments. Analysis of the selected articles led to the conclusion that despite the few studies on syndromic children, it can be concluded that non-surgical treatments for sleep apnea in children with Down Syndrome are effective as an adjunct to surgical treatment in severe cases, improving the shape and function of the upper airways. Despite the few studies on adherence and tolerance of devices for non-surgical treatment, we can conclude that they are well tolerated by the Down Syndrome pediatric population.
Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder and affects 1 in every 700 live births. Children with Down syndrome have a high prevalence of developing respiratory disorders, of which obstructive sleep apnea is the most common. Obstructive sleep apnea potentiates neurological conditions that compromise cognition and function, contributing to behavioral and learning problems. Several craniofacial features are associated with the establishment of obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome, including transverse maxillary deficiency, relative macroglossia, midface hypoplasia and others. Therefore, the dentist, due to his privileged position in the assessment of the orofacial region, can and should, through the detection of signs and symptoms, contribute to the earliest possible diagnosis. Referral for confirmation of the diagnosis and establishment of the appropriate treatment, as well as collaboration in the treatment of less serious cases, through the correction of craniofacial problems with rapid maxillary expansion appliances, mandibular advancement devices and fixed appliances, are also within their competence. By researching the literature over the last 5 years, this integrative review aimed to understand the extent to which non-surgical treatments are tolerated by children with Down Syndrome, presenting themselves as an alternative to other more invasive treatments. Analysis of the selected articles led to the conclusion that despite the few studies on syndromic children, it can be concluded that non-surgical treatments for sleep apnea in children with Down Syndrome are effective as an adjunct to surgical treatment in severe cases, improving the shape and function of the upper airways. Despite the few studies on adherence and tolerance of devices for non-surgical treatment, we can conclude that they are well tolerated by the Down Syndrome pediatric population.
Description
Keywords
Síndrome de Down Apneia obstrutiva do sono Distúrbios do sono Pediatria Tratamento Adesão Down syndrome Obstructive sleep apnea Sleep disorders Pediatrics Treatment Adherence