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Publication
Os métodos de aceleração da movimentação dentária para um tratamento mais rápido em adultos: uma revisão narrativa
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Projeto de pós-graduação_40869 | 10.13 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A Ortodontia é a especialidade da Medicina Dentária responsável pela prevenção e correção das másposições não só dentárias, mas também maxilares. Atualmente, cada vez mais pacientes adultos procuram tratamentos ortodônticos, principalmente por questões estéticas e/ou funcionais. A ortopedia dentofacial tem como finalidade corrigir disfunções e problemas estéticos, porém o tratamento ortodôntico costuma ser longo e oneroso, além de envolver potenciais riscos, como cáries, reabsorções radiculares, desconforto, complicações gengivais e respiratórias.
Foi necessário, portanto, encontrar soluções que minimizem esses desafios e riscos. Numerosos estudos clínicos randomizados foram realizados sobre técnicas cirúrgicas, em particular a piezocisão que é a mais utilizada. Esta técnica é minimamente invasiva, ao contrário da corticotomia, e permite reduzir a duração do tratamento, nomeadamente durante as fases do tratamento ortodôntico. Intervenções mecânicas, como vibração e campo eletromagnético pulsado, são frequentemente promovidas pelos laboratórios pelos seus efeitos de aceleração e alívio da dor.
O uso de estímulos químicos consiste na injeção local ou sistémica de moléculas ou hormonas envolvidas no metabolismo ósseo, como vitamina D3, prostaglandina ou relaxina. Os avanços na compreensão dos mecanismos moleculares da movimentação dentária estão ampliando as perspectivas de pesquisa nesta área.
O objetivo desta revisão narrativa será ver em detalhe a mecânica da movimentação dentária, destacando as diferentes técnicas, cirúrgicas ou não, mais recentes que se apresentam como aceleradoras da movimentação dentária. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica com textos publicados entre 2014 e 2024 nas bases de dados eletrónicas PubMed, B-on e ScienceDirect, em francês, português e inglês.
Os artigos duplicados ou fora do limite temporal estabelecido, os estudos não realizados em humanos adultos ou em que, após a leitura do resumo, não correspondem à temática definida para o trabalho foram excluídos. Finalmente, 77 artigos foram utilizados para a revisão e redação deste trabalho. Os métodos biológicos e cirúrgicos, apesar de eficazes, apresentam limitações em termos de praticidade e conforto para o paciente. Os métodos mecânicos e químicos oferecem maior comodidade, mas carecem de evidências científicas robustas.
Orthodontics is the specialty of Dentistry responsible for preventing and correcting malpositions not only in the teeth, but also in the jaw. Currently, more and more adult patients are seeking orthodontic treatments, mainly for aesthetic and/or functional reasons. Dentofacial orthopedics aims to correct dysfunctions and aesthetic problems, however orthodontic treatment tends to be long and expensive, in addition to involving potential risks, such as cavities, root resorption, discomfort, gingival and respiratory complications. It was therefore necessary to find solutions that minimize these challenges and risks. Numerous randomized clinical studies have been carried out on surgical techniques, in particular piezocision, which is the most used. This technique is minimally invasive, unlike corticotomy, and allows the duration of treatment to be reduced, particularly during the orthodontic treatment phases. Mechanical interventions, such as vibration and pulsed electromagnetic field, are often promoted by laboratories for their acceleration and pain-relieving effects. The use of chemical stimuli consists of the local or systemic injection of molecules or hormones involved in bone metabolism, such as vitamin D3, prostaglandin or relaxin. Advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of tooth movement are expanding research perspectives in this area. The objective of this narrative review will be to see in detail the mechanics of tooth movement, highlighting the different, more recent, surgical or non-surgical techniques that appear to accelerate tooth movement. A bibliographical search was carried out with texts published between 2014 and 2024 in the electronic databases PubMed, B-on and ScienceDirect, in French, Portuguese and English. Duplicate articles or articles outside the established time limit, studies not carried out on adult humans or which, after reading the abstract, did not correspond to the theme defined for the work were excluded. Finally, 77 articles were used to review and write this work. Biological and surgical methods, despite being effective, have limitations in terms of practicality and comfort for the patient. Mechanical and chemical methods offer greater convenience, but lack robust scientific evidence.
Orthodontics is the specialty of Dentistry responsible for preventing and correcting malpositions not only in the teeth, but also in the jaw. Currently, more and more adult patients are seeking orthodontic treatments, mainly for aesthetic and/or functional reasons. Dentofacial orthopedics aims to correct dysfunctions and aesthetic problems, however orthodontic treatment tends to be long and expensive, in addition to involving potential risks, such as cavities, root resorption, discomfort, gingival and respiratory complications. It was therefore necessary to find solutions that minimize these challenges and risks. Numerous randomized clinical studies have been carried out on surgical techniques, in particular piezocision, which is the most used. This technique is minimally invasive, unlike corticotomy, and allows the duration of treatment to be reduced, particularly during the orthodontic treatment phases. Mechanical interventions, such as vibration and pulsed electromagnetic field, are often promoted by laboratories for their acceleration and pain-relieving effects. The use of chemical stimuli consists of the local or systemic injection of molecules or hormones involved in bone metabolism, such as vitamin D3, prostaglandin or relaxin. Advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of tooth movement are expanding research perspectives in this area. The objective of this narrative review will be to see in detail the mechanics of tooth movement, highlighting the different, more recent, surgical or non-surgical techniques that appear to accelerate tooth movement. A bibliographical search was carried out with texts published between 2014 and 2024 in the electronic databases PubMed, B-on and ScienceDirect, in French, Portuguese and English. Duplicate articles or articles outside the established time limit, studies not carried out on adult humans or which, after reading the abstract, did not correspond to the theme defined for the work were excluded. Finally, 77 articles were used to review and write this work. Biological and surgical methods, despite being effective, have limitations in terms of practicality and comfort for the patient. Mechanical and chemical methods offer greater convenience, but lack robust scientific evidence.
Description
Keywords
Movimentação dentária ortodôntica Velocidade ortodôntica Ortodontia rápida Aceleração do movimento dentário Orthodontic tooth movement Orthodontic speed Quick orthodontics Acceleration of tooth movement