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A perceção de estigma em populações psiquiátricas
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dissertação de mestrado_41378 | 1.72 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A literatura tem vindo a mostrar que indivíduos que vivem com um diagnóstico psiquiátrico ou encaram dificuldades psicológicas, são ainda alvo de estigma e atitudes discriminatórias por parte da sociedade. A falta de conhecimento relativa a problemas de saúde mental levou a que ao longo do tempo tenham sido criadas conceções erróneas, que conduziram ao preconceito e à discriminação. Apesar do aumento da literacia e do desconstruir destas ideias, o estigma persiste até aos dias de hoje. O presente estudo combina uma metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa com desenho descritivo comparativo, no qual se pretende analisar a perceção do estigma numa amostra da população psiquiátrica e de que modo esta perceção é consistente com o olhar da sociedade perante problemas de saúde mental.
Consideraram-se duas amostras distintas da população, uma amostra psiquiátrica (n=42) e uma amostra da população geral (n=51). Os resultados obtidos revelaram que a população psiquiátrica apresenta uma perceção de estigma consideravelmente elevada, sobretudo no que toca a atitudes da comunidade perante problemas de saúde mental. Quando comparados os resultados entre as amostras deste estudo verificaram-se diferenças significativas, o que confirma que a vivência direta de estigma num indivíduo com um problema mental se traduz numa perceção mais sensível às manifestações de estigma, discriminação e preconceito. Este contraste aponta para a necessidade de continuar a investir em estratégias de sensibilização, na psicoeducação e na promoção da empatia na sociedade, de modo a reduzir o estigma projetado e indivíduos que vivem com uma perturbação mental.
Foi também possível verificar que, na sua generalidade, a amostra psiquiátrica apresenta níveis baixos de estigma internalizado, sugerindo que fatores protetores como o apoio psicológico, a inserção em contextos inclusivos e protegidos, e o apoio familiar podem ter um impacto bastante positivo.
Over the years, the lack of knowledge concerning mental health disorders has led to unrealistic beliefs and false conceptions, that have contributed to prejudice and discrimination. Literature has shown that despite the advancements in literacy, the efforts to challenge misconceptions and the increase of awareness regarding the importance of mental health, stigma persists to this day. This study combines a quantitative and qualitative methodology with a descriptivecomparative design, and the aim was to analyze the perception of stigma among a psychiatric population comparing how this perception aligns with societs point of view on mental health problems. Two distinct samples were considered on this research, a psychiatric sample (n=42) and a sample from the general population (n=51). Results revealed that the psychiatric sample reported considerably high perception of stigma, especially when it comes to the attitudes from the community toward mental health issues. When comparing the results, statistically significant differences were found between both study samples, indicating that the direct experience of stigma can be associated with a higher sensitivity to discrimination and prejudice. This contrast highlights the ongoing need for public awareness strategies, psychoeducation, and the promotion of empathy in society to reduce stigma. This study has also shown that, in general, the psychiatric sample presented low levels of internalized stigma, suggesting that protective factors such as psychological interventions, a supportive and inclusive environments and family support may have a positive impact and outcomes.
Over the years, the lack of knowledge concerning mental health disorders has led to unrealistic beliefs and false conceptions, that have contributed to prejudice and discrimination. Literature has shown that despite the advancements in literacy, the efforts to challenge misconceptions and the increase of awareness regarding the importance of mental health, stigma persists to this day. This study combines a quantitative and qualitative methodology with a descriptivecomparative design, and the aim was to analyze the perception of stigma among a psychiatric population comparing how this perception aligns with societs point of view on mental health problems. Two distinct samples were considered on this research, a psychiatric sample (n=42) and a sample from the general population (n=51). Results revealed that the psychiatric sample reported considerably high perception of stigma, especially when it comes to the attitudes from the community toward mental health issues. When comparing the results, statistically significant differences were found between both study samples, indicating that the direct experience of stigma can be associated with a higher sensitivity to discrimination and prejudice. This contrast highlights the ongoing need for public awareness strategies, psychoeducation, and the promotion of empathy in society to reduce stigma. This study has also shown that, in general, the psychiatric sample presented low levels of internalized stigma, suggesting that protective factors such as psychological interventions, a supportive and inclusive environments and family support may have a positive impact and outcomes.
Description
Keywords
Estigma Discriminação Autoestigma Perturbações psiquiátricas Saúde mental Stigma Discrimination Internalized stigma Psychiatric disorders Mental health