Loading...
Publication
Controlo farmacológico da dor
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PPG_38191 | 690.99 KB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A IASP (International Association for the Study of Pain) define a dor como “uma experiência sensorial e emocional desagradável, associada a lesão tecidular residual ou potencial ou descrita em termos de tal lesão”. Clinicamente a dor é classificada em dois tipos principais: aguda ou crónica. A dor aguda é o sintoma mais frequente que leva as pessoas a recorrerem aos serviços médicos, ao passo que a dor crónica constitui um
problema de saúde mais grave devido à sua elevada prevalência nos indivíduos, devido à dificuldade do seu tratamento e ainda porque esta persiste para além da cura da lesão que lhe deu origem. Compreender os mecanismos que estão subjacentes à dor e as estruturas anatómicas responsáveis quer pela sua transdução, transmissão e modulação é de extrema importância na altura de decidir qual o tratamento a aplicar. O controlo da dor deve ser encarado como uma prioridade no âmbito da prestação de cuidados de saúde de elevada
qualidade quer devido ao facto da indispensável humanização dos cuidados de saúde quer devido ao facto das repercussões socioeconómicas da dor serem equiparadas às causadas pelas doenças cardiovasculares ou pelo cancro. Assim, o tratamento da dor passa pela utilização de fármacos “clássicos” nomeadamente os AINE’s (Anti-Inflamatórios Não Esteroides), Opioides, Antidepressivos, Anticonvulsivantes, Anestésicos Locais e Relaxantes Musculares. Por outro lado, está-se continuamente a investir na investigação de outras classes de fármacos que sejam mais eficazes e com menos efeitos secundários que os atuais. Algumas das novas classes são: canabinoides, fármacos que interagem com os canais TRPV1(Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid type 1), bloqueadores dos canais de sódio e antagonistas do NGF (Nerve Growth Factor).
The IASP (International Association for the Study of Pain) defines pain as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage”. In clinical treatment, pain can be classified in two ways: acute pain or chronic pain. Acute pain is the most common symptom that leads people into seeking medical assistance, whereas chronic pain constitutes a much more serious health issue due to its high prevalence, difficulty in treatment and persistence after treatment of the lesion that originated the pain. Understanding the physiological mechanisms responsible for pain and the anatomical structures responsible for its transduction, transmission and modulation is of extreme importance when deciding which treatment to apply. Pain control must be dealt as a priority when providing high quality health care, whether due to the need to provide a more humane treatment in healthcare or due to the fact that the socioeconomic repercussions caused by pain being matched to those caused by cardiovascular diseases or even cancer. Thus, pain treatment is approached by using "classic" medications, namely AINE’s (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), opioids, antidepressives, anticonvulsants, local anesthesia and muscle relaxers. On the other hand, continuous effort is being made in the investigation of other classes of pharmaceuticals that may be more effective with lesser side effects in pain treatment. Some of these new classes are cannabinoids, drugs that interact with the TRPV1 (Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid type 1) channels, sodium channels blockers and NGF (Nerve Growth Factor) antagonists.
The IASP (International Association for the Study of Pain) defines pain as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue damage”. In clinical treatment, pain can be classified in two ways: acute pain or chronic pain. Acute pain is the most common symptom that leads people into seeking medical assistance, whereas chronic pain constitutes a much more serious health issue due to its high prevalence, difficulty in treatment and persistence after treatment of the lesion that originated the pain. Understanding the physiological mechanisms responsible for pain and the anatomical structures responsible for its transduction, transmission and modulation is of extreme importance when deciding which treatment to apply. Pain control must be dealt as a priority when providing high quality health care, whether due to the need to provide a more humane treatment in healthcare or due to the fact that the socioeconomic repercussions caused by pain being matched to those caused by cardiovascular diseases or even cancer. Thus, pain treatment is approached by using "classic" medications, namely AINE’s (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), opioids, antidepressives, anticonvulsants, local anesthesia and muscle relaxers. On the other hand, continuous effort is being made in the investigation of other classes of pharmaceuticals that may be more effective with lesser side effects in pain treatment. Some of these new classes are cannabinoids, drugs that interact with the TRPV1 (Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid type 1) channels, sodium channels blockers and NGF (Nerve Growth Factor) antagonists.
Description
Keywords
Dor Dor aguda Dor crónica Fisiopatologia da dor Avaliação da dor Tratamento farmacológico Pain Acute pain Chronic pain Pain pathophysiology Pain evaluation Pharmacological treatment