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A polícia que mais mata é a polícia que mais morre? Uma análise da vitimização na polícia militar do estado do Rio de Janeiro nos anos de 2017 e 2018
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Abstract(s)
O presente estudo faz a análise de um fenômeno social grave, em crescente discussão nos bancos acadêmicos brasileiros, a vitimização policial. Inúmeros especialistas direcionam críticas ao uso desmedido da força e à alta letalidade policial no Brasil, afirmando que a violência por parte do Estado está normalmente direcionada a grupos minoritários, como jovens negros moradores de periferias. A afirmativa apresenta fundamento em partes, pois no Rio de janeiro, local de realização da pesquisa, são os policiais militares em sua maioria negros e pardos, com baixos salários e moradores de áreas menos abastadas da cidade, somado aos riscos inerentes à profissão policial, o grupo social de maior vulnerabilidade. Usando a medição de número de homicídios por 100.000 habitantes, constata-se que no Brasil, e principalmente no Rio de Janeiro, a maior proporção é observada nos integrantes da Polícia Militar, apresentando em média uma taxa de homicídios até cinco vezes maior do que os números gerais da população comum, segundo dados do Fórum Brasileiro de Segurança Pública (FBSP), públicos no anuário de 2018. Seguindo o viés criminológico, a pesquisa busca entender os atores deste fenômeno: o autor, criminoso que atenta dolosamente contra a vida de agentes públicos; as vítimas, policiais militares em seu momento de folga, sendo este o período mais vulnerável, apresentando atualmente maiores números absolutos de baixas; e o ambiente, o Estado do Rio de Janeiro com suas características peculiares. Por fim, após a análise dos dados adquiridos na pesquisa medidas são sugeridas para a solução da problemática. Metodologicamente, o período estudado se concentra nos anos de 2017 e 2018, analisando os eventos resultantes de ações criminosas dolosas, que tiveram como consequência a morte ou lesão corporal, dados fornecidos pela própria corporação, autuados em Boletim de Ocorrência Policial Militar (BOPM), instrumento de caráter administrativo preenchido pelos primeiros policiais que chegam ao local do fato. A fim de melhor coleta de informações foi aplicado inquérito com todas as vítimas do período citado, visando entender de maneira mais precisa a dinâmica do crime aqui denominado de evento crítico. Ao final do estudo, de maneira empírica, será realizada uma análise de risco, que busca entender o fenômeno social e propor medidas para diminuir a vulnerabilidade e as consequentes mortes e lesões de policiais militares no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.
This research is an analysis of a serious social phenomenon, with increasing discussion in Brazilian universities: police victimization. Numerous experts direct criticisms of the excessive use of force and high police lethality in Brazil, stating that violence by the State is always directed at minority groups, such as young blacks and peripheral residents. The affirmation is partly justified, however in Rio de Janeiro, the research site, are the military police, also black and mulatto on average, with low salaries and consequently residents of less affluent areas of the city, also being part of the aforementioned minorities, added to the risks inherent in the police profession, which is the most vulnerable social group. If we are going to measure the number of homicides per 100 thousand inhabitants, it appears that in Brazil, and especially in Rio de Janeiro, the largest proportion is observed in the members of the military police, presenting a homicide rate up to 5 times higher than the general numbers of the common population. According to data from the FBSP (Brazilian Public Security Forum) published in the organization's 2018 yearbook. Following the criminological line, the research seeks to understand the authors of this phenomenon: the author - criminals who intentionally attempt against the lives of public agents -, the victims - military police, in their spare time, outside of regular service in the police corporation, being this is the most vulnerable period, with the highest numbers of casualties and the environment. Finally, after analyzing the data acquired in the research, suggest measures to solve the problem. Methodologically, the period studied is concentrated in the years 2017 and 2018, analyzing the events resulting from intentional criminal actions, as a consequence of death or personal injury. through data provided by the military police itself assessed in BOPM (military police report), an administrative instrument filled out by the police who first arrive at the scene of the incident. In order to better collect information, a survey was carried out with all the victims of the period mentioned, aiming to understand in a more precise and dynamic way the crime here called CRITICAL EVENT. Ending in an empirical manner, risk analysis will be carried out, seeking to understand the phenomenon, proposing measures to decrease the vulnerability and the consequent deaths and injuries of military police in the State of Rio de Janeiro.
This research is an analysis of a serious social phenomenon, with increasing discussion in Brazilian universities: police victimization. Numerous experts direct criticisms of the excessive use of force and high police lethality in Brazil, stating that violence by the State is always directed at minority groups, such as young blacks and peripheral residents. The affirmation is partly justified, however in Rio de Janeiro, the research site, are the military police, also black and mulatto on average, with low salaries and consequently residents of less affluent areas of the city, also being part of the aforementioned minorities, added to the risks inherent in the police profession, which is the most vulnerable social group. If we are going to measure the number of homicides per 100 thousand inhabitants, it appears that in Brazil, and especially in Rio de Janeiro, the largest proportion is observed in the members of the military police, presenting a homicide rate up to 5 times higher than the general numbers of the common population. According to data from the FBSP (Brazilian Public Security Forum) published in the organization's 2018 yearbook. Following the criminological line, the research seeks to understand the authors of this phenomenon: the author - criminals who intentionally attempt against the lives of public agents -, the victims - military police, in their spare time, outside of regular service in the police corporation, being this is the most vulnerable period, with the highest numbers of casualties and the environment. Finally, after analyzing the data acquired in the research, suggest measures to solve the problem. Methodologically, the period studied is concentrated in the years 2017 and 2018, analyzing the events resulting from intentional criminal actions, as a consequence of death or personal injury. through data provided by the military police itself assessed in BOPM (military police report), an administrative instrument filled out by the police who first arrive at the scene of the incident. In order to better collect information, a survey was carried out with all the victims of the period mentioned, aiming to understand in a more precise and dynamic way the crime here called CRITICAL EVENT. Ending in an empirical manner, risk analysis will be carried out, seeking to understand the phenomenon, proposing measures to decrease the vulnerability and the consequent deaths and injuries of military police in the State of Rio de Janeiro.
Description
Keywords
Policial militar Crime Vitimização Rio de Janeiro Police military Crime Victimization