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Impacto de programas educativos em saúde oral para crianças: revisão integrativa
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Os programas educativos em saúde oral visam promover o conhecimento e a consciencialização sobre a importância da higiene oral desde a infância, etapa crucial para a formação de hábitos duradouros. Através de atividades lúdicas, dinâmicas e adaptadas à faixa etária, esses programas ensinam as crianças sobre técnicas adequadas de escovagem, o uso do fio dental, a importância da alimentação saudável e a necessidade de visitas regulares ao dentista. Ao envolverem as crianças de forma interativa, esses programas não apenas transmitem informações, mas também incentivam a mudança de comportamentos, tornando a higiene oral parte da rotina diária. Intervenções educativas bem estruturadas têm um impacto positivo no comportamento infantil, contribuindo para a redução significativa da prevalência de placa bacteriana, gengivite e cárie dentária. Além disso, ao envolver educadores e responsáveis, esses programas ampliam a sua eficácia, criando um ambiente de apoio e reforço contínuo dos bons hábitos adquiridos, pelo que investir na educação em saúde oral na infância é uma estratégia essencial para a promoção da saúde oral a longo prazo. Esta revisão integrativa teve como objetivo analisar a evidência existente sobre o impacto dos programas educativos em saúde oral desenvolvidos em ambiente escolar, considerando diferentes parâmetros de saúde oral, o nível de conhecimento adquirido e os hábitos de higiene oral entre crianças. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica nas bases de dados PubMed e ScienceDirect, abrangendo estudos publicados entre 2015 e 2024. Ao todo, foram incluídos vinte e dois estudos que atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade. Os resultados revelaram que os programas de intervenção trouxeram resultados positivos, especialmente aqueles que envolviam hábitos de higiene oral para crianças, escovagem supervisionada e fornecimento de pasta de dentes com flúor e escova de dentes. A implementação destes programas pode ser vista como uma mais-valia, uma vez que não há distinção nas crianças envolvidas e podem prevenir o desenvolvimento de certas doenças orais. Embora os resultados sejam promissores, a evidência atual continua limitada por curta duração de seguimento. Seria importante, no futuro, estes programas estarem implementados nas escolas para que todas as crianças tenham acesso a educação para saúde oral, assim como o desenvolvimento de estudos que apresentassem um maior tempo de seguimento.
Oral health education programs aim to promote knowledge and awareness about the importance of oral hygiene from childhood, a crucial stage for the formation of lasting habits. Through fun, dynamic and age-appropriate activities, these programs teach children about proper brushing techniques, flossing, the importance of healthy eating and the need for regular visits to the dentist. By engaging children in an interactive way, these programs not only convey information but also encourage behavior change, making oral hygiene part of the daily routine. Well-structured educational interventions have a positive impact on children's behavior, contributing to a significant reduction in the prevalence of plaque, gingivitis and tooth decay. Furthermore, by involving educators and caregivers, these programs increase their effectiveness, creating an environment of support and continuous reinforcement of acquired good habits, so investing in oral health education in childhood is an essential strategy for promoting long-term oral health. This integrative review aimed to analyze the existing evidence on the impact of oral health education programs developed in a school environment, considering different oral health parameters, the level of knowledge acquired and oral hygiene habits among children. To this end, a bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, covering studies published between 2015 and 2024. In total, twenty-two studies that met the eligibility criteria were included. The results revealed that the intervention programs brought positive results, especially those that involved oral hygiene habits for children, supervised tooth brushing, and provision of fluoride toothpaste and a toothbrush. The implementation of these programs can be seen as an added value, since there is no distinction between the children involved and they can prevent the development of certain oral diseases. Although the results are promising, the current evidence remains limited by the short duration of follow-up. In the future, it would be important for these programs to be implemented in schools so that all children have access to oral health education, as well as for studies to be developed that present a longer follow-up period.
Oral health education programs aim to promote knowledge and awareness about the importance of oral hygiene from childhood, a crucial stage for the formation of lasting habits. Through fun, dynamic and age-appropriate activities, these programs teach children about proper brushing techniques, flossing, the importance of healthy eating and the need for regular visits to the dentist. By engaging children in an interactive way, these programs not only convey information but also encourage behavior change, making oral hygiene part of the daily routine. Well-structured educational interventions have a positive impact on children's behavior, contributing to a significant reduction in the prevalence of plaque, gingivitis and tooth decay. Furthermore, by involving educators and caregivers, these programs increase their effectiveness, creating an environment of support and continuous reinforcement of acquired good habits, so investing in oral health education in childhood is an essential strategy for promoting long-term oral health. This integrative review aimed to analyze the existing evidence on the impact of oral health education programs developed in a school environment, considering different oral health parameters, the level of knowledge acquired and oral hygiene habits among children. To this end, a bibliographic search was carried out in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, covering studies published between 2015 and 2024. In total, twenty-two studies that met the eligibility criteria were included. The results revealed that the intervention programs brought positive results, especially those that involved oral hygiene habits for children, supervised tooth brushing, and provision of fluoride toothpaste and a toothbrush. The implementation of these programs can be seen as an added value, since there is no distinction between the children involved and they can prevent the development of certain oral diseases. Although the results are promising, the current evidence remains limited by the short duration of follow-up. In the future, it would be important for these programs to be implemented in schools so that all children have access to oral health education, as well as for studies to be developed that present a longer follow-up period.
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Educação em saúde oral Promoção de saúde oral Medicina dentária preventiva Crianças em idade escolar Oral health education Oral health promotion Preventive dentistry School-age children