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O papel do médico-dentista e da equipa de seguimento da gravidez nos cuidados de saúde oral: uma revisão de escopo
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Resumo(s)
Introdução: A condição da dentição da mãe é um dos fatores mais influentes na determinação da saúde da criança e da gestante. Os principais fatores etiológicos são a presença de cáries dentárias, bactérias na cavidade oral do bebé e a exposição a açucares que são processados em ácidos. O papel dos médicos dentistas é essencial na prestação de cuidados dentários de alta qualidade e qualidade personalizada, tendo em conta o contexto clínico e outros medicamentos que os doentes tomem.
Objetivos: o objetivo geral desta revisão de escopo é identificar o papel do médico-dentista e da equipa de seguimento da gravidez nos cuidados de saúde oral.
Metodologia: o estudo que aqui se apresenta é uma revisão de escopo, a qual se tem evidenciado, especialmente a partir de 2014, no cenário mundial em matéria de síntese de evidências em saúde sobre o papel dos médicos dentistas na promoção da saúde oral das mulheres grávidas. Sendo que, foi realizada uma pesquisa nas bases de dados PUBMED e LILACS, e B-ON com as palavras-chave: “Pregnancy” “Oral Health” “Prenatal Care” “Dentists” “Health Promotion”. Assim, a seleção de estudos foi realizada por dois revisores de forma independente. As divergências foram resolvidas por consenso ou, quando necessário, com a intervenção de um terceiro revisor.
Resultados: A implementação de intervenções direcionadas para as mulheres grávidas tive resultados bastante promissores e positivos em maior parte dos estudos, intervenções estas com a inclusão dos médicos dentistas, parteiras e enfermeiros. Pelo que, reduzir a gengivite (inflamação e sangramento das gengivas) é também importante porque pode evoluir para doença periodontal se não for tratada e causar infeções sistémicas, o que é particularmente preocupante durante a gravidez.
Conclusão: Esta revisão de escopo sugere a necessidade de melhorar o acesso a consultas de medicina dentária por mulheres grávidas. Muitas vezes, o resultado negativo pode dever-se à falta de ações de educação em saúde oral desenvolvidas por médicos dentistas, resultando num baixo acesso à informação sobre serviços de medicina dentária, bem como as orientações sobre saúde oral durante a gravidez.
Introduction: The condition of the mother's teeth is one of the most influential factors in determining the health of the child and the pregnant woman. The main etiological factors are the presence of tooth decay, bacteria in the baby's oral cavity and exposure to sugars that are processed into acids. Dentists play an essential role in providing high-quality, personalized dental care, taking into account the clinical context and other medications patients are taking. Objectives: The overall objective of this scoping review is to identify the role of the dentist and the pregnancy care team in oral health care. Methodology: the study presented here is a scoping review, more specifically, a scope review, which has been highlighted, especially since 2014, on the global stage in terms of synthesizing health evidence on the role of dentists in promoting the oral health of pregnant women. A search was conducted in the PUBMED, LILACS, and B-ON databases using the keywords: "Pregnancy," "Oral Health," "Prenatal Care," "Dentists," and "Health Promotion." Study selection was performed independently by two reviewers. Disagreements were resolved by consensus or, when necessary, with the intervention of a third reviewer. Results: The implementation of interventions aimed at pregnant women had very promising and positive results in most studies, interventions that included dentists, midwives and nurses. Therefore, reducing gingivitis (inflammation and bleeding of the gums) is also important because it can progress to periodontal disease if left untreated and cause systemic infections, which is particularly concerning during pregnancy. Conclusion: This scoping review suggests the need to improve access to dental consultations for pregnant women. Often, the negative result may be due to the lack of oral health education actions developed by dentists, resulting in low access to information about dental services, as well as guidance on oral health during pregnancy.
Introduction: The condition of the mother's teeth is one of the most influential factors in determining the health of the child and the pregnant woman. The main etiological factors are the presence of tooth decay, bacteria in the baby's oral cavity and exposure to sugars that are processed into acids. Dentists play an essential role in providing high-quality, personalized dental care, taking into account the clinical context and other medications patients are taking. Objectives: The overall objective of this scoping review is to identify the role of the dentist and the pregnancy care team in oral health care. Methodology: the study presented here is a scoping review, more specifically, a scope review, which has been highlighted, especially since 2014, on the global stage in terms of synthesizing health evidence on the role of dentists in promoting the oral health of pregnant women. A search was conducted in the PUBMED, LILACS, and B-ON databases using the keywords: "Pregnancy," "Oral Health," "Prenatal Care," "Dentists," and "Health Promotion." Study selection was performed independently by two reviewers. Disagreements were resolved by consensus or, when necessary, with the intervention of a third reviewer. Results: The implementation of interventions aimed at pregnant women had very promising and positive results in most studies, interventions that included dentists, midwives and nurses. Therefore, reducing gingivitis (inflammation and bleeding of the gums) is also important because it can progress to periodontal disease if left untreated and cause systemic infections, which is particularly concerning during pregnancy. Conclusion: This scoping review suggests the need to improve access to dental consultations for pregnant women. Often, the negative result may be due to the lack of oral health education actions developed by dentists, resulting in low access to information about dental services, as well as guidance on oral health during pregnancy.
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Palavras-chave
Cuidados de saúde oral Gestantes Intervenções Médico-dentista Oral health care Pregnant women Interventions Dentist