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Prevenção e fatores de risco da doença de Alzheimer
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
No último século registou-se um aumento da longevidade humana, e consequentemente
das doenças neurodegenerativas associados à idade, assim, o número de indivíduos
afetados por demências tem vindo a aumentar. A demência e as doenças
neurodegenerativas são as maiores causas de invalidez na velhice. A Doença de
Alzheimer (DA) é uma das principais patologias neurodegenerativas da atualidade. Esta
patologia progressiva e irreversível acarreta a perda de memória e diversos distúrbios
cognitivos afetando o funcionamento quer a nível social, como a nível ocupacional.
Segundo a Organização Mundial de Saúde o sucessivo declínio do raciocínio, da
compreensão, da memória, do raciocínio, da linguagem, da capacidade de aprendizagem
e de decisão que estão presentes no dia-a-dia do paciente é a característica mais
importante da DA.
Apesar da influência genética, o desenvolvimento da DA está associada a diversos
fatores ambientais e comportamentais. Se os primeiros não são passíveis de serem
controláveis, os segundos se não evitáveis, quando bem geridos podem retardar a
evolução da doença.
O ato de envelhecer e manter-se saudável está intimamente relacionado com a
manutenção da capacidade funcional e da autonomia para as atividades do dia-a-dia,
fatores como a dieta, a prática do exercício físico e um estilo de vida adequado são
fundamentais na promoção da qualidade de vida, para um envelhecimento saudável e
para um aumento da longevidade.
In the last century there has been an increase in human longevity, and consequently in age-related neurodegenerative diseases, so the number of individuals affected by dementias has been increasing. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the main neurodegenerative pathologies of the present time. This progressive and irreversible pathology leads to loss of memory and several cognitive disorders affecting the social and occupational functioning of the individual suffering from it. Dementia and neurodegenerative diseases are the major causes of disability in old age. According to the World Health Organization, the successive decline of reasoning, comprehension, memory, reasoning, language, learning ability and decision-making that are present in the patient's daily life is the most important characteristic of AD. Despite the genetic influence, the development of AD is associated with several environmental and behavioral factors. If the former cannot be controlled, the latter, if not avoidable, when well managed can delay the evolution of the disease. Aging and staying healthy is closely related to the maintenance of functional capacity and autonomy for everyday activities, factors such as diet, exercise and an adequate lifestyle are Promotion of quality of life, healthy aging and increased longevity.
In the last century there has been an increase in human longevity, and consequently in age-related neurodegenerative diseases, so the number of individuals affected by dementias has been increasing. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the main neurodegenerative pathologies of the present time. This progressive and irreversible pathology leads to loss of memory and several cognitive disorders affecting the social and occupational functioning of the individual suffering from it. Dementia and neurodegenerative diseases are the major causes of disability in old age. According to the World Health Organization, the successive decline of reasoning, comprehension, memory, reasoning, language, learning ability and decision-making that are present in the patient's daily life is the most important characteristic of AD. Despite the genetic influence, the development of AD is associated with several environmental and behavioral factors. If the former cannot be controlled, the latter, if not avoidable, when well managed can delay the evolution of the disease. Aging and staying healthy is closely related to the maintenance of functional capacity and autonomy for everyday activities, factors such as diet, exercise and an adequate lifestyle are Promotion of quality of life, healthy aging and increased longevity.
Description
Keywords
Doença de Alzheimer Prevenção Fatores de risco Etimologia Alzheimer's disease Prevention Risk factors Etymology