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Publication
The Battleground States of America: Onde se decidem as eleições presidenciais norte-americanas
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| 1.23 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A temática central desta dissertação são as eleições presidenciais dos Estados Unidos, sendo o objecto os chamados battleground states, ou seja, os Estados onde se disputam e decidem as eleições para a chefia de Estado norte-americana.
Com uma abordagem inicial ao modo de funcionamento dos sistemas político e eleitoral dos Estados Unidos, desde a génese da fundação do país, até ao estado actual dos dois partidos que dominam o panorama político norte-americano, o presente trabalho apresenta uma visão geral sobre a política dos Estados Unidos para, de seguida, aprofundar a questão dos battleground states.
Devido ao sistema singular das eleições presidenciais norte-americanas, apenas uma parte dos Estados são decisivos na escolha do Presidente dos Estados Unidos, o que leva a que os candidatos à Casa Branca concentrem os seus esforços e recursos nesses mesmos Estados, conhecidos como battleground states.
Assim, este estudo tenta definir quais são os battleground states, divididos entre Estados toss-up (aqueles em que o vencedor é verdadeiramente uma incerteza) e os leaning (onde o resultado final pode ser disputado, mas nos quais um dos dois partidos parte com uma ligeira vantagem), de forma a procurar aclarar os Estados da União que, afinal de contas, têm o condão de decidir as eleições presidenciais norte-americanas.
Depois de definidos os battleground states, o presente trabalho analisa-os, caso a caso, em particular a nível histórico, demográfico e político, de forma a dar a entender as razões e as causas que fazem desse Estado um battleground state em eleições presidenciais.
The main theme of this thesis is the United States of America’s presidential elections and the object of study is the battleground states of those elections, which are the competitive states and where the US presidential elections are decided. First of all, this thesis approaches the functioning of the United States’ political and electoral system, covering issues such as the foundation of the country or the bipartisan model that dominates US politics, presenting a general overview of the United States’ political landscape. After that, this study addresses the issue of the battleground states. Due to the distinctive system of the US presidential elections, some states are key to the choosing of the President of the United States. Therefore, presidential candidates concentrate their efforts and resources in those decisive states, known as battleground states. This thesis tries to define which states are the battleground states, dividing them into two categories: toss up (the ones where the winner is a total uncertainty) and leaning (states that are competitive but where a given party is a slight favorite). Afterwards, it may become clearer which states have the power to decide the US presidential elections. With the battleground states already defined, the study analyses them, one by one, specifically their historical, demographical and political backgrounds, in order to understand the reasons that make a state a battleground state in presidential elections.
The main theme of this thesis is the United States of America’s presidential elections and the object of study is the battleground states of those elections, which are the competitive states and where the US presidential elections are decided. First of all, this thesis approaches the functioning of the United States’ political and electoral system, covering issues such as the foundation of the country or the bipartisan model that dominates US politics, presenting a general overview of the United States’ political landscape. After that, this study addresses the issue of the battleground states. Due to the distinctive system of the US presidential elections, some states are key to the choosing of the President of the United States. Therefore, presidential candidates concentrate their efforts and resources in those decisive states, known as battleground states. This thesis tries to define which states are the battleground states, dividing them into two categories: toss up (the ones where the winner is a total uncertainty) and leaning (states that are competitive but where a given party is a slight favorite). Afterwards, it may become clearer which states have the power to decide the US presidential elections. With the battleground states already defined, the study analyses them, one by one, specifically their historical, demographical and political backgrounds, in order to understand the reasons that make a state a battleground state in presidential elections.
Description
Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa
como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre
em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais
Keywords
Eleições Estados Unidos Política norte-americana Estratégia Eleitoral Battleground States Elections United States US politics Electoral Strategy