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Ingestão alimentar e hábitos de sono em futebolistas profissionais
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Abstract(s)
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ingestão alimentar e os hábitos de sono de atletas
profissionais de futebol que atuam nas principais Ligas Portuguesas (1ª e 2ª Liga).
Participaram 88 atletas do sexo masculino de diversas nacionalidades com idades
compreendidas entre os 17 e 39 anos, sendo que a média de idades foi 24,8±dp 4,308
anos. Os futebolistas preencheram um questionário com informações relativas aos dados
sociodemográficos, hábitos de treino desportivo, ingestão alimentar habitual e hábitos de
sono. O tratamento de dados foi realizado no programa SPSS, versão 21,0. O nível de
significância foi de p<0,05.
Através dos dados fornecidos no questionário e após o cálculo do índice de massa
corporal (IMC=Peso/Estatura2
), verificou-se que todos os atletas foram categorizados
como normoponderais (IMC=22,8±dp 1,00 kg/ m2).
A maioria dos jogadores de futebol (n=76; 86,4%) treinava mais de 5 vezes por semana
e igualmente a maioria (n=81; 92,0%) praticava treino de ginásio.
A média de refeições diárias realizadas pelos atletas foi 5±dp 1,374 e a maioria realizou se em casa (n=75; 85,2%). Também a generalidade dos atletas (n=82; 93,2%) consumia
suplementos alimentares e a razão maioritariamente indicada foi para alcançarem uma
recuperação mais rápida (n= 63; 71,6%).
A duração média do sono durante a semana foi inferior (8,5±dp 0,9117)
comparativamente à do fim de semana (9,3±dp 1,71). No entanto, a maior parte dos atletas
afirmou dormir por um período superior a 8 horas por noite (n=77; 87,5%).
Observou-se que os únicos atletas que cumpriam com as recomendações para o consumo
diário de 5 porções de fruta e vegetais, dormiam mais de 8 horas por dia (p=0,03), e que
a parte dos futebolistas que dormia mais de 8 h/noite, também realizava a sesta diurna
(p=0,42).
Contudo, e apesar de a maioria dos atletas que tomava suplementos alimentares, dormia
mais do que 8h/noite, não se observou uma associação significativa (p=0,75).
Os comportamentos dos atletas, nomeadamente, os hábitos de sono e a ingestão alimentar
são cruciais para um desempenho físico de qualidade, boa recuperação e consequentemente sucesso desportivo. É necessário haver mais e melhor informação, por
forma, a melhorar os hábitos dos profissionais de futebol.
This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating food intake and the sleeping habits of professional soccer athletes who act in the main Portuguese leagues (1ª e 2ª Liga). The football players filled out a questionnaire with information on socio-demographic data, habitual eating intake and sleep habits. The data processing had been performed in the SPSS, version 21,0. The significance level was p<0,05. Through the data provided in the questionnaire and after calculating the body mass index (BMI=Weight/Stature2 ), it was found that all athletes are categorized as normoponderal (BMI=22,8±dp 1,00 kg/ m2). The most football players (n=76 (86,4%)) trained more than 5 times a week and also the majority (n=81 (92,0%)) practiced gym training. The average daily meals were 5 ±dp and most do in their own home (n=75 (85,2%)). Most athletes (n=82 (93,2%)) also consumed dietary supplements and the reason mostly indicated was to achieve a faster recovery (n= 63 (71,6%)). The average sleep duration during the week was lower (8,5±dp 0,9117) compared to the weekend (9,3±dp 1,71). However, most athletes claimed to sleep for more than 8 hours a night (n=77; 87,5%). It was observed that the only athletes who complied with the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) for the consumption of 5 fruit and vegetable portions daily, slept more than 8 hours a day (p=0,03), and the part of the football players who slept more than 8 hours a night, also took the daytime nap (p=0,42). However, although most athletes taking dietary supplements slept more than 8 hours a night, there was no significant association (p=0,75). The athlete’s behaviors’,in particular, sleep habits and food intake are crucial for quality physical performance, good recovery and consequently sporting success. There needs to be more and better information, in order, to improve the habits of football players.
This study was carried out with the objective of evaluating food intake and the sleeping habits of professional soccer athletes who act in the main Portuguese leagues (1ª e 2ª Liga). The football players filled out a questionnaire with information on socio-demographic data, habitual eating intake and sleep habits. The data processing had been performed in the SPSS, version 21,0. The significance level was p<0,05. Through the data provided in the questionnaire and after calculating the body mass index (BMI=Weight/Stature2 ), it was found that all athletes are categorized as normoponderal (BMI=22,8±dp 1,00 kg/ m2). The most football players (n=76 (86,4%)) trained more than 5 times a week and also the majority (n=81 (92,0%)) practiced gym training. The average daily meals were 5 ±dp and most do in their own home (n=75 (85,2%)). Most athletes (n=82 (93,2%)) also consumed dietary supplements and the reason mostly indicated was to achieve a faster recovery (n= 63 (71,6%)). The average sleep duration during the week was lower (8,5±dp 0,9117) compared to the weekend (9,3±dp 1,71). However, most athletes claimed to sleep for more than 8 hours a night (n=77; 87,5%). It was observed that the only athletes who complied with the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) for the consumption of 5 fruit and vegetable portions daily, slept more than 8 hours a day (p=0,03), and the part of the football players who slept more than 8 hours a night, also took the daytime nap (p=0,42). However, although most athletes taking dietary supplements slept more than 8 hours a night, there was no significant association (p=0,75). The athlete’s behaviors’,in particular, sleep habits and food intake are crucial for quality physical performance, good recovery and consequently sporting success. There needs to be more and better information, in order, to improve the habits of football players.
Description
Trabalho Complementar apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de licenciada em Ciências da Nutrição
Keywords
Atleta Futebol Alimentação Sono Treinos Suplementação Athlete Football soccer Feeding Sleep Training Supplementation