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Metilfenidato: uso e quantificaĆ§Ć£o
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PPG_25865 | 640.99 KB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O metilfenidato Ć© o psicoestimulante mais empregue no tratamento adjuvante da perturbaĆ§Ć£o de hiperatividade com dĆ©fice de atenĆ§Ć£o, uma perturbaĆ§Ć£o de neurodesenvolvimento com grande impacto comportamental e social que afeta cerca de 5% das crianƧas em idade escolar e 2,5% dos adultos a nĆvel mundial. Ć tambĆ©m utlizado no tratamento da narcolepsia.
EstĆ” indicado no tratamento de crianƧas com idade igual ou superior a 6 anos, adolescentes e adultos que apresentem sintomas severos ou moderados e que nĆ£o tenham respondido adequadamente ao tratamento psicolĆ³gico. O seu efeito terapĆŖutico, tem melhorado o quotidiano de muitos pacientes, permitindo-lhes executar as suas tarefas diĆ”rias de forma mais tranquila e eficaz.
Nos Ćŗltimos anos o consumo global deste fĆ”rmaco tem aumentando significativamente. Em Portugal, a avaliaĆ§Ć£o do nĆŗmero de embalagens de medicamento contendo metilfenidato dispensadas entre 2003 e 2014 denota este consistente aumento e indica terem sido dispensadas em 2014 mais de 276000 embalagens.
No entanto, a utilizaĆ§Ć£o contemporĆ¢nea de metilfenidato ultrapassa o seu uso terapĆŖutico. Os efeitos psicoestimulantes sobre o sistema nervoso central, levaram ao seu consumo ilĆcito para fins recreativos e como forma de potenciar os desempenhos escolares e laborais. Neste Ćŗltimo caso as populaƧƵes alvo sĆ£o estudantes, trabalhadores (designadamente motoristas, executivos, profissionais de saĆŗde) e jogadores que procuram melhorar o seu rendimento, aumentando o estado de vigĆlia e os nĆveis de concentraĆ§Ć£o. Esta utilizaĆ§Ć£o de natureza abusiva Ć© cada vez mais acentuada e constitui uma pr eocupaĆ§Ć£o crescente para a comunidade representando um grave problema de saĆŗde pĆŗblica que tem sido alvo de preocupaĆ§Ć£o pelos profissionais de saĆŗde.
Acentua-se, por isso, a necessidade de monitorizaĆ§Ć£o das concentraƧƵes plasmĆ”ticas do fĆ”rmaco. Nos Ćŗltimos anos, tĆŖm sido desenvolvidas metodologias analĆticas que permitem a enantioseparaĆ§Ć£o e quantificaĆ§Ć£o de metilfenidato e do seu principal metabolito, o Ć”cido ritalĆnico, utilizando cromatografia gasosa, cromatografia lĆquida de elevada eficiĆŖncia ou tĆ©cnicas de eletroforese capilar acopladas a uma variedade de detetores.
Methylphenidate is the most commonly psychostimulant used in the adjuvant treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder with major behavioral and social impact affecting about 5% of school-aged children and 2.5% of adults worldwide. It is also used in the treatment of narcolepsy. It's recommended for the treatment of children older than 6 years, adolescents and adults who present severe to moderate symptoms and did not respond adequately to psychological treatment. Its therapeutic effect has improved the daily routines of many patients, enabling them to perform their daily tasks in a more orderly and effective manner. In recent years the overall consumption of this drug has increased significantly. In Portugal, the assessment of the number of medical products containing methylphenidate dispensed between 2003 and 2014 shows this consistent increase and indicates that more than 276000 packages were distributed in 2014. However, the contemporary use of methylphenidate goes beyond its therapeutic use. Its psychostimulant effects on the central nervous system has led to the illicit consumption for recreational purposes and as a way of enhancing learning and professional performance. In the latter case the target populations are students, workers (namely drivers, executives, health professionals) and players looking to improve their outcome by increasing wakefulness and concentration levels. This abusive use is increasingly noticeably and is a growing concern for the community representing a serious public health problem that has been a concern of health professionals. Therefore, the need to monitor the plasma concentrations of the drug is emphasized. In recent years, several analytical methodologies have been developed that allow the enantioseparation and quantification of methylphenidate and its main metabolite, ritalinic acid, using gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis techniques coupled to a variety of detectors.
Methylphenidate is the most commonly psychostimulant used in the adjuvant treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder with major behavioral and social impact affecting about 5% of school-aged children and 2.5% of adults worldwide. It is also used in the treatment of narcolepsy. It's recommended for the treatment of children older than 6 years, adolescents and adults who present severe to moderate symptoms and did not respond adequately to psychological treatment. Its therapeutic effect has improved the daily routines of many patients, enabling them to perform their daily tasks in a more orderly and effective manner. In recent years the overall consumption of this drug has increased significantly. In Portugal, the assessment of the number of medical products containing methylphenidate dispensed between 2003 and 2014 shows this consistent increase and indicates that more than 276000 packages were distributed in 2014. However, the contemporary use of methylphenidate goes beyond its therapeutic use. Its psychostimulant effects on the central nervous system has led to the illicit consumption for recreational purposes and as a way of enhancing learning and professional performance. In the latter case the target populations are students, workers (namely drivers, executives, health professionals) and players looking to improve their outcome by increasing wakefulness and concentration levels. This abusive use is increasingly noticeably and is a growing concern for the community representing a serious public health problem that has been a concern of health professionals. Therefore, the need to monitor the plasma concentrations of the drug is emphasized. In recent years, several analytical methodologies have been developed that allow the enantioseparation and quantification of methylphenidate and its main metabolite, ritalinic acid, using gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis techniques coupled to a variety of detectors.
Description
Keywords
Metilfenidato PerturbaĆ§Ć£o de hiperatividade com dĆ©fice de atenĆ§Ć£o Narcolepsia Mecanismo de aĆ§Ć£o QuantificaĆ§Ć£o TĆ©cnicas analĆticas Methylphenidate Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Narcolepsy Mechanism of action Quantification Analytical techniques