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A Perturbação por Uso de Canábis (CUD, do inglês “Cannabis Use Disorder”) representa um desafio de saúde pública global, com cerca de 1,3% dos adultos na União Europeia a serem consumidores diários de canábis e com um aumento de 12% no número de utentes em tratamento em Portugal entre 2021 e 2022. Apesar da sua prevalência, nem a entidade reguladora de medicamentos e alimentos dos Estados Unidos da América (FDA, do inglês “Food and Drug Administration”) nem a entidade europeia congénere aprovaram nenhum medicamento específico para o tratamento da CUD. Esta revisão teve como objetivo estudar os diversos fármacos canabinoides e as suas combinações, avaliados em ensaios clínicos para tratamento desta dependência. Este estudo pretende compreender qual a melhor estratégia farmacológica usando canabinoides com potencial para o tratamento clinico da CUD. A metodologia consistiu numa revisão, conduzida de acordo com as diretrizes PRISMA, utilizando a estratégia PICO para a formulação da questão de pesquisa. Foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science e Scielo, abrangendo artigos de 1973 a 2024. No total, 9 estudos com 667 participantes (519 homens e 148 mulheres) foram incluídos na análise. Nenhum dos ensaios analisados demonstrou uma eficácia consistente que permita recomendar em definitivo os canabinoides como tratamento para a CUD. Assim, é necessário que haja mais investigação, com um maior número de participantes, incluindo mais mulheres, e metodologias mais robustas para estabelecer conclusões mais sólidas.
Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) represents a global public health challenge, with around 1,3% of adults in the European Union being daily cannabis users and a 12% increase in the number of users undergoing treatment in Portugal between 2021 and 2022. Despite its prevalence, neither the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) nor its European counterpart has approved any specific medication for the treatment of CUD. This review aimed to study the various cannabinoid drugs and their combinations, evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of this addiction. This study aims to understand the best pharmacological strategy using cannabinoids with potential for the clinical treatment of CUD. The methodology consisted of a review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, using the PICO strategy to formulate the research question. Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science and Scielo databases, covering articles from 1973 to 2024. A total of 9 studies, involving with 667 participants (519 men and 148 women) were included in the analysis. None of the trials analyzed demonstrated consistent efficacy that would allow cannabinoids to be definitively recommended as a treatment for CUD. Thus, further research is needed, with a larger number of participants, including more women, and more robust methodologies to establish more solid conclusions.
Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) represents a global public health challenge, with around 1,3% of adults in the European Union being daily cannabis users and a 12% increase in the number of users undergoing treatment in Portugal between 2021 and 2022. Despite its prevalence, neither the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) nor its European counterpart has approved any specific medication for the treatment of CUD. This review aimed to study the various cannabinoid drugs and their combinations, evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of this addiction. This study aims to understand the best pharmacological strategy using cannabinoids with potential for the clinical treatment of CUD. The methodology consisted of a review, conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, using the PICO strategy to formulate the research question. Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science and Scielo databases, covering articles from 1973 to 2024. A total of 9 studies, involving with 667 participants (519 men and 148 women) were included in the analysis. None of the trials analyzed demonstrated consistent efficacy that would allow cannabinoids to be definitively recommended as a treatment for CUD. Thus, further research is needed, with a larger number of participants, including more women, and more robust methodologies to establish more solid conclusions.
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Palavras-chave
Canábis Canabinoides Perturbação associada ao consumo de canábis Tratamento farmacológico da dependência Cannabis Cannabinoids Cannabis use disorder Pharmacological treatment of dependence