A carregar...
Publicação
Variações no gene do receptor da vitamina D (VDR) e sua associação na cárie dentária: uma revisão narrativa
| Nome: | Descrição: | Tamanho: | Formato: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Projeto de pós-graduação_39675 | 812.28 KB | Adobe PDF |
Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A cárie dentária é uma das doenças orais mais prevalentes no mundo e resulta da interação entre fatores ambientais, microbiológicos, comportamentais e genéticos. Nos últimos anos, tem sido crescente o interesse em compreender o papel dos fatores genéticos na sua etiologia, particularmente as variações no gene do recetor da vitamina D (VDR). O VDR é fundamental na regulação do metabolismo do cálcio e fósforo e na modulação da resposta imune, elementos essenciais para a integridade do esmalte dentário e o controlo do biofilme oral. Esta revisão narrativa teve como objetivo analisar criticamente os estudos que investigaram a associação entre polimorfismos do gene VDR e a suscetibilidade à cárie dentária em diferentes populações. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect e Web of Science. Foram utilizados os filtros de artigos completos disponíveis online e o limite temporal de 2015 a 2025, assim como foram aplicados critérios de elegibilidade pré-estabelecidos. No total, foram incluídos 17 estudos caso-controlo ou populacionais. Os polimorfismos mais analisados foram FokI (rs2228570), TaqI (rs731236), ApaI (rs7975232), BsmI (rs1544410) e BglI (rs739837). De forma geral, os resultados demonstraram uma associação consistente entre os SNPs FokI e TaqI e o risco de cárie em populações asiáticas e do Oriente Médio, enquanto nas populações latino-americanas e europeias os resultados foram mais heterogéneos ou negativos. Também foi observada uma possível interação entre fatores genéticos e ambientais, como dieta cariogénica e hábitos de higiene oral. As evidências atuais sugerem que os polimorfismos do gene VDR podem influenciar a suscetibilidade à cárie dentária, embora a força da associação varie entre diferentes contextos étnicos e geográficos. Estudos futuros com maiores amostras e metodologias padronizadas são necessários para esclarecer o papel definitivo dessas variantes genéticas na etiologia da cárie.
Dental caries is one of the most prevalent oral diseases worldwide and results from the interaction of environmental, microbiological, behavioral, and genetic factors. In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the role of genetic factors in its etiology, particularly variations in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene. The VDR is essential for regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism and modulating the immune response, essential elements for the integrity of tooth enamel and the control of oral biofilm. This narrative review aimed to critically analyze studies investigating the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to dental caries in different populations. The literature search was conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases. Filters for full-text articles available online and a time limit of 2015 to 2025 were used, as well as pre-established eligibility criteria. In total, 17 case-control or population-based studies were included. The most frequently analyzed polymorphisms were FokI (rs2228570), TaqI (rs731236), ApaI (rs7975232), BsmI (rs1544410), and BglI (rs739837). Overall, the results demonstrated a consistent association between the FokI and TaqI SNPs and caries risk in Asian and Middle Eastern populations, while in Latin American and European populations, the results were more heterogeneous or negative. A possible interaction between genetic and environmental factors, such as cariogenic diet and oral hygiene habits, was also observed. Current evidence suggests that VDR gene polymorphisms may influence susceptibility to dental caries, although the strength of the association varies across ethnic and geographic contexts. Future studies with larger sample sizes and standardized methodologies are needed to clarify the definitive role of these genetic variants in caries etiology.
Dental caries is one of the most prevalent oral diseases worldwide and results from the interaction of environmental, microbiological, behavioral, and genetic factors. In recent years, there has been growing interest in understanding the role of genetic factors in its etiology, particularly variations in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene. The VDR is essential for regulating calcium and phosphorus metabolism and modulating the immune response, essential elements for the integrity of tooth enamel and the control of oral biofilm. This narrative review aimed to critically analyze studies investigating the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to dental caries in different populations. The literature search was conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases. Filters for full-text articles available online and a time limit of 2015 to 2025 were used, as well as pre-established eligibility criteria. In total, 17 case-control or population-based studies were included. The most frequently analyzed polymorphisms were FokI (rs2228570), TaqI (rs731236), ApaI (rs7975232), BsmI (rs1544410), and BglI (rs739837). Overall, the results demonstrated a consistent association between the FokI and TaqI SNPs and caries risk in Asian and Middle Eastern populations, while in Latin American and European populations, the results were more heterogeneous or negative. A possible interaction between genetic and environmental factors, such as cariogenic diet and oral hygiene habits, was also observed. Current evidence suggests that VDR gene polymorphisms may influence susceptibility to dental caries, although the strength of the association varies across ethnic and geographic contexts. Future studies with larger sample sizes and standardized methodologies are needed to clarify the definitive role of these genetic variants in caries etiology.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Vitamina D VDR Polimorfismo genético Cárie dentária Suscetibilidade genética Vitamin D Genetic polymorphism Dental caries Genetic susceptibility