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O papel das vitaminas antioxidantes na prevenção do envelhecimento precoce na Síndrome de Down
| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40908 | 1.5 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
O envelhecimento é um processo natural, comum a todas as pessoas, no entanto, algumas podem sofrer mais com os sinais do tempo, aparentando, até mesmo, ter mais idade do que realmente possuem. Diversos fatores influenciam o envelhecimento, muitos deles fora do controlo do próprio, tal como a genética.
A Síndrome de Down (SD) é ocasionada pela trissomia do cromossoma 21. É um distúrbio genético determinado por uma não-disjunção cromossómica. Os indivíduos portadores dessa síndrome apresentam o cariótipo com 47 cromossomas, e os principais sinais e sintomas são aumento da incapacidade de defesa do sistema imune, défice cognitivo, alterações cardíacas congénitas e Doença de Alzheimer (DA) precoce, sendo esta a última patologia associada ao envelhecimento. Vários estudos revelam que há um envelhecimento precoce nas pessoas com SD, quando comparadas com a população em geral.
A oxidação é um processo químico natural que ocorre frequentemente nas células, resultando em moléculas instáveis chamadas de radicais livres. Em pequenas quantidades, essas moléculas são úteis para saúde, pois desempenham um papel importante em algumas atividades das células, como a transferência de eletrões para atingir a estabilidade. No entanto, quando em excesso, podem ser tóxicas, provocando stress oxidativo, e contribuir para o desenvolvimento de algumas doenças crónicas, além de favorecer o envelhecimento das células.
Os agentes antioxidantes conseguem proteger as células, neutralizando o excesso dos radicais livres e reparando os seus danos. Esses agentes podem ser vitaminas, minerais e outras substâncias químicas capazes de evitar a oxidação da estrutura celular. Alguns são produzidos pelo nosso organismo, mas outros, como as vitaminas C, E e o betacaroteno, devem ser supridos por meio da alimentação, pois são fundamentais para proteger células saudáveis de danos no DNA.
O objetivo deste trabalho é perceber as vantagens da suplementação vitamínica na prevenção do envelhecimento precoce de indivíduos portadores de Síndrome de Down.
Aging is a natural process, common to all people, however, some may suffer more from the signs of time, even appearing to be older than they really are. Several factors influence aging, many of them out of one's control, such as genetics. Down Syndrome (DS) is caused by trisomy of chromosome 21. It is a genetic disorder determined by chromosomal non-disjunction. Individuals with this syndrome have a karyotype with 47 chromosomes, and the main signs and symptoms are increased incapacity to defend the immune system, cognitive deficit, congenital heart changes and early Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is the last pathology associated with the disease. aging. Several studies reveal that there is an early aging in people with DS, when compared to the general population. Oxidation is a natural chemical process that often occurs in cells, resulting in unstable molecules called free radicals. In small amounts, these molecules are useful for health, as they play an important role in some cell activities, such as the transfer of electrons to achieve stability. However, when in excess, they can be toxic, causing oxidative stress, and contributing to the development of some chronic diseases, in addition to favoring the aging of cells. Antioxidant agents can protect cells, neutralizing excess free radicals and repairing their damage. These agents can be vitamins, minerals and other chemical substances capable of preventing the oxidation of the cellular structure. Some are produced by our body, but others, such as vitamins C, E and beta-carotene, must be supplied through food, as they are essential to protect healthy cells from DNA damage. The objective of this work is to understand the advantages of vitamin supplementation in the prevention of premature aging of individuals with Down Syndrome.
Aging is a natural process, common to all people, however, some may suffer more from the signs of time, even appearing to be older than they really are. Several factors influence aging, many of them out of one's control, such as genetics. Down Syndrome (DS) is caused by trisomy of chromosome 21. It is a genetic disorder determined by chromosomal non-disjunction. Individuals with this syndrome have a karyotype with 47 chromosomes, and the main signs and symptoms are increased incapacity to defend the immune system, cognitive deficit, congenital heart changes and early Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is the last pathology associated with the disease. aging. Several studies reveal that there is an early aging in people with DS, when compared to the general population. Oxidation is a natural chemical process that often occurs in cells, resulting in unstable molecules called free radicals. In small amounts, these molecules are useful for health, as they play an important role in some cell activities, such as the transfer of electrons to achieve stability. However, when in excess, they can be toxic, causing oxidative stress, and contributing to the development of some chronic diseases, in addition to favoring the aging of cells. Antioxidant agents can protect cells, neutralizing excess free radicals and repairing their damage. These agents can be vitamins, minerals and other chemical substances capable of preventing the oxidation of the cellular structure. Some are produced by our body, but others, such as vitamins C, E and beta-carotene, must be supplied through food, as they are essential to protect healthy cells from DNA damage. The objective of this work is to understand the advantages of vitamin supplementation in the prevention of premature aging of individuals with Down Syndrome.
Description
Keywords
Síndrome de Down Envelhecimento precoce Vitaminas antioxidantes Down syndrome Premature aging Antioxidant vitamins